The Latest Paediatric Anaesthesia Journal Articles

Check out the latest paediatric anaesthesia articles from leading medical journals in a single view, helping you keep up to date quickly and easily.

• Determination of ED95 of a single-bolus dose of dexmedetomidine for adequate sedation in children and adolescents with and without obesity.26th January 2021
  With the increasing prevalence of children who are overweight and with obesity, anaesthesiologists must determine the optimal dosing of medications given the altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in this population. We therefore determined the single dose of dexmedetomidine that provided sufficient sedation in 95% (ED95) of children with and without obesity as measured by a minimum […]
• Airway Management in Complete Oral Cavity Foreign Body Obstruction: A Case Report.19th January 2021
  Foreign body (FB) injuries of the airway and of the digestive tract are common in pediatric patients. Available literature cites small blunt objects as a common FB leading to FB aspiration or ingestion. Complete oral cavity obstruction by a FB, however, is a rare and potentially life-threatening scenario. Airway management can be particularly challenging when […]
• Fundamentals and innovations in regional anaesthesia for infants and children.11th January 2021
  Regional anaesthesia in children has evolved rapidly in the last decade. Although it previously consisted of primarily neuraxial techniques, the practice now incorporates advanced peripheral nerve blocks, which were only recently described in adults. These novel blocks provide new avenues for providing opioid-sparing analgesia while minimising invasiveness, and perhaps risk, associated with older techniques. At […]
• Positive communication behaviour during handover and team-based clinical performance in critical situations: a simulation randomised controlled trial.10th January 2021
  Positive communication behaviour within anaesthesia teams may decrease stress response and improve clinical performance. We aimed to evaluate the effect of positive communication during medical handover on the subsequent team-based clinical performance in a simulated critical situation. We also assessed the effect of positive communication behaviour on stress response.This single-centre RCT involved anaesthesia teams composed […]
• PROSPECT guideline for elective caesarean section: updated systematic review and procedure-specific postoperative pain management recommendations.28th December 2020
  Caesarean section is associated with moderate-to-severe postoperative pain, which can influence postoperative recovery and patient satisfaction as well as breastfeeding success and mother-child bonding. The aim of this systematic review was to update the available literature and develop recommendations for optimal pain management after elective caesarean section under neuraxial anaesthesia. A systematic review utilising procedure-specific […]
• Evaluating the ventilatory effect of transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange in apnoeic small children with two different oxygen flow rates: a randomised controlled trial.22nd December 2020
  Transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange prolongs safe apnoeic oxygenation time in children. In adults, transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange is reported to have a ventilatory effect with PaCO2 levels increasing less rapidly than without it. This ventilatory effect has yet to be reproduced in children. In this non-inferiority study, we tested the hypothesis […]
• Pediatric Emergency and Critical Care Resources and Infrastructure in Resource-Limited Settings: A Multicountry Survey.21st December 2020
  To describe the infrastructure and resources for pediatric emergency and critical care delivery in resource-limited settings worldwide.Cross-sectional survey with survey items developed through literature review and revised following piloting.The electronic survey was disseminated internationally in November 2019 via e-mail directories of pediatric intensive care societies and networks and using social media.Healthcare providers who self-identified as […]
• Prospective clinical validation of the Eleveld propofol pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model in general anaesthesia.15th December 2020
  Target-controlled infusion (TCI) systems incorporating pharmacokinetic (PK) or PK-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models can be used to facilitate drug administration. Existing models were developed using data from select populations, the use of which is, strictly speaking, limited to these populations. Recently a propofol PK-PD model was developed for a broad population range. The aim of the study […]
• Prospectively assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes in studies of anaesthetic neurotoxicity in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.30th November 2020
  Whether exposure to a single general anaesthetic (GA) in early childhood causes long-term neurodevelopmental problems remains unclear.PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to October 2019. Studies evaluating neurodevelopmental outcomes and prospectively enrolling children exposed to a single GA procedure compared with unexposed children were identified. Outcomes common […]
• A systematic review of the association between postpartum depression and neuraxial labor analgesia.22nd November 2020
  Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common complication after childbirth, affecting 10-15% of women. It is associated with serious long-term consequences for the mother and family. Whether or not neuraxial labor analgesia mitigates the risk is uncertain and controversial. The purpose of this review was to summarize studies investigating the association between neuraxial labor analgesia […]
• PROSPECT guideline for tonsillectomy: systematic review and procedure-specific postoperative pain management recommendations.17th November 2020
  Tonsillectomy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures; however, pain management remains challenging. Procedure-specific efficacy as well as specific risks of treatment options should guide selection of pain management protocols based on evidence and should optimise analgesia without harm. The aims of this systematic review were to evaluate the available literature and develop […]
• Infant isoflurane exposure affects social behaviours, but does not impair specific cognitive domains in juvenile non-human primates.17th November 2020
  Clinical studies show that children exposed to anaesthetics for short times at young age perform normally on intelligence tests, but display altered social behaviours. In non-human primates (NHPs), infant anaesthesia exposure for several hours causes neurobehavioural impairments, including delayed motor reflex development and increased anxiety-related behaviours assessed by provoked response testing. However, the effects of […]
• General anesthesia for cesarean delivery and childhood neurodevelopmental and perinatal outcomes: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.30th October 2020
  In 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration expressed concern that neurodevelopment may be negatively affected by anesthesia or sedation exposure in pregnancy or before three years of age. We examined the association between general anesthesia at the time of cesarean delivery and early childhood neurodevelopment.A secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial assessing […]
• Cerebral blood flow alterations associated with high volume caudal block in infants.5th October 2020
  High-volume (1.5 ml kg-1) caudal block in infants results in major reductions of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and cerebral oxygenation, caused by rostral CSF movement which increases intracranial pressure. The primary aim of this study was to determine the relationship between injected volume and CBFV changes. We hypothesised that this volume-blood flow relationship would […]
• Frontal electroencephalogram activity during emergence from general anaesthesia in children with and without emergence delirium.4th October 2020
  Emergence delirium (ED) in children after general anaesthesia causes significant distress in patients, their family members, and clinicians; however, electroencephalogram (EEG) markers predicting ED have not been fully investigated.This prospective, single-centre observational study enrolled children aged 2-10 yr old under sevoflurane anaesthesia. ED was assessed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) […]
• Pharmacokinetics of intramuscular tranexamic acid in bleeding trauma patients: a clinical trial.4th October 2020
  Intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces bleeding deaths after injury and childbirth. It is most effective when given early. In many countries, pre-hospital care is provided by people who cannot give i.v. injections. We examined the pharmacokinetics of intramuscular TXA in bleeding trauma patients.We conducted an open-label pharmacokinetic study in two UK hospitals. Thirty bleeding trauma […]
• Airway Management Through a Facial Defect Resulting From Noma (Orofacial Gangrene): A Case Report.28th September 2020
  At a rural district hospital in Burundi, a 3-year-old severely malnourished girl with Noma presented to the operating room for placement of a gastrostomy tube. The child had a large left-sided facial defect as well as trismus. After induction of general anesthesia, the anesthesia provider was unable to open her mouth. Given that the hospital […]
• The safety of paediatric surgery between COVID-19 surges: an observational study.21st September 2020
  Despite the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, elective paediatric surgery must continue safely through the first, second and subsequent waves of disease. This study presents outcome data from a children’s hospital in north-west England, the region with the highest prevalence of COVID-19 in England. Children and young people undergoing elective surgery isolated within their […]
• A comparison of videolaryngoscopy using standard blades or non-standard blades in children in the Paediatric Difficult Intubation Registry.20th September 2020
  The design of a videolaryngoscope blade may affect its efficacy. We classified videolaryngoscope blades as standard and non-standard shapes to compare their efficacy performing tracheal intubation in children enrolled in the Paediatric Difficult Intubation Registry.Cases entered in the Registry from March 2017 to January 2020 were analysed. We compared the success rates of initial and […]
• Melatonin for anaesthetic indications in paediatric patients: a systematic review.16th September 2020
  The favourable safety profile and ubiquitous nature of melatonin has led to an increase in its use in various clinical settings in adults and children. We performed a systematic review of published studies on the use of melatonin for anaesthetic indications in paediatric patients. To identify relevant articles, PubMed, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and […]
• Synergistic effects of sepsis and prematurity on neonatal postoperative mortality.2nd September 2020
  Compared with term neonates, preterm babies are more likely to die from sepsis. However, the combined effects of sepsis and prematurity on neonatal postoperative mortality are largely unknown. Our objective was to quantify the proportion of neonatal postoperative mortality that is attributable to the synergistic effects of preoperative sepsis and prematurity.We performed a multicentre, propensity-score-weighted, […]
• Retraction notice to “Volume replacement with hydroxyethyl starch solution in children” [Br J Anaesth 70 (1993) 661-5].31st August 2020
  This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief, Professor Hugh Hemmings, based on the recommendations of Justus-Liebig-University Giessen following an internal review of research conducted by Joachim Boldt at the University. This is further described in ‘Further Retractions of […]
• Anesthetic Management for a Patient With MECP2 Duplication Syndrome: A Case Report.14th August 2020
  Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) duplication syndrome is a rare X-linked genetic disease. Core phenotypes include infantile hypotonia, developmental delay, and minimal speech with mild dysmorphic features. Many have refractory epilepsy and recurrent infections, which are the leading causes of mortality. This article presents a case of a patient with MECP2 duplication syndrome who […]
• Successful Combination of Neuraxial and Regional Anesthesia in a Child With Advanced Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1 Receiving Maintenance Nusinersen Therapy: A Case Report.14th August 2020
  Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by degeneration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, which causes progressive muscle atrophy and weakness. SMA type 1 is the most common type and is associated with severe disability and early mortality. Concomitant restrictive respiratory physiology often manifests with significant implications for […]
• Determination of Brain Death/Death by Neurologic Criteria: The World Brain Death Project.3rd August 2020
  There are inconsistencies in concept, criteria, practice, and documentation of brain death/death by neurologic criteria (BD/DNC) both internationally and within countries.To formulate a consensus statement of recommendations on determination of BD/DNC based on review of the literature and expert opinion of a large multidisciplinary, international panel.Relevant international professional societies were recruited to develop recommendations regarding […]
• Guideline on anaesthesia and sedation in breastfeeding women 2020: Guideline from the Association of Anaesthetists.1st August 2020
  Breastfeeding has many health benefits for the mother and infant. Women who are breastfeeding may require anaesthesia or sedation. Concerns regarding the passage of drugs into breast milk may lead to inconsistent advice from professionals. This can sometimes result in the interruption of feeding for 24 hours or longer after anaesthesia, or expressing and discarding (‘pumping […]
• Evaluation of the intratidal compliance profile at different PEEP levels in children with healthy lungs: a prospective, crossover study.20th July 2020
  Optimal intraoperative lung protective ventilation (LPV) strategies in young children are largely under-explored. Individualised PEEP levels are likely to contribute to optimal lung protection. We determined optimal PEEP levels in young children during general anaesthesia by evaluating changes in intratidal compliance with varying PEEP.Children aged ≤6 yr were enrolled in this prospective interventional study. After […]
• Target-controlled infusion models for remifentanil dosing consistent with approved recommendations.14th July 2020
  Target-controlled infusion (TCI) systems use pharmacokinetic (PK) models to predict the drug infusion rates necessary to achieve a desired target plasma or effect-site concentration. As new PK models are developed and implemented in TCI systems, there can be uncertainty as to which target concentrations are appropriate. Existing dose recommendations can serve as a point of […]
• Brainwave entrainment to minimise sedative drug doses in paediatric surgery: a randomised controlled trial.13th July 2020
  Anaesthetic drugs may cause neuroapoptosis in children and are routinely used off-label in specific age groups. Techniques that reduce anaesthetic drug dose requirements in children may thus enhance the safety of paediatric sedation or anaesthesia. Brainwave entrainment, notably in the form of auditory binaural beats, has been shown to have sedative effects in adults. We […]
• Prognostic value of cardiac cycle efficiency in children undergoing cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study.9th July 2020
  Cardiac cycle efficiency (CCE) derived from a pressure-recording analytical method is a unique parameter to assess haemodynamic performance from an energetic view. This study investigated changes of CCE according to an anatomical diagnosis group, and its association with early postoperative outcomes in children undergoing cardiac surgery.Ninety children were included with a ventricular septal defect (VSD; […]
• Caudal and Intravenous Anesthesia Without Airway Instrumentation for Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair in Infants: A Case Series.8th July 2020
  We report a series of 20 neonates and infants (18 born preterm) who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with caudal anesthesia, oxygen via nasal cannula, and intravenous anesthesia. Surgery was successful in all cases without airway instrumentation or intraoperative complications. Sedation was provided with dexmedetomidine, propofol, and remifentanil. Two patients had apnea in the following […]
• High-dose versus low-dose tranexamic acid for paediatric craniosynostosis surgery: a double-blind randomised controlled non-inferiority trial.5th July 2020
  Tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces blood loss and transfusion in paediatric craniosynostosis surgery. The hypothesis is that low-dose TXA, determined by pharmacokinetic modelling, is non-inferior to high-dose TXA in decreasing blood loss and transfusion in children.Children undergoing craniosynostosis surgery were enrolled in a two-centre, prospective, double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority controlled trial to receive high TXA (50 mg […]
• Apnoeic oxygenation in paediatric anaesthesia: a narrative review.28th June 2020
  Apnoeic oxygenation refers to oxygenation in the absence of any patient or ventilator effort to move the lungs. This phenomenon was first described in humans in the mid-20th century but has seen renewed interest in the last decade following the demonstration of apnoeic oxygenation with low-flow, and subsequently high-flow, nasal oxygen. This narrative review summarises […]
• Residual Weakness and Recurarization After Sugammadex Administration in Pediatric Patients: A Case Series.17th June 2020
  While shown to be safe for administration in pediatric patients, sugammadex has recently been associated with residual weakness or recurarization. We describe 4 additional cases of pediatric patients with residual or recurrent weakness following rocuronium reversal with sugammadex. Two infant patients developed postoperative ventilatory distress, which was possibly related to recurarization after sugammadex reversal. A […]
• The effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative behaviour change in children: a randomised controlled trial.14th June 2020
  Children may develop changes in their behaviour following general anaesthesia. Some examples of negative behaviour include temper tantrums and nightmares, as well as sleep and eating disorders. The aim of this study was to determine whether dexmedetomidine reduces the incidence of negative behaviour change after anaesthesia for day case surgery in children aged two to […]
• Safe diagnostic management of malignant mediastinal tumors in the presence of respiratory distress: a 10-year experience.12th June 2020
  The fundamental treatment for patients with pediatric malignant mediastinal tumors is chemotherapy. Therefore, accurate diagnosis is essential for selecting the appropriate chemotherapeutic regimen. However, malignant mediastinal tumors occasionally cause respiratory distress, and biopsies under general anesthesia are dangerous for such patients as invasive mechanical ventilation can aggravate airway obstruction caused by mass effect. In this […]
• Early nephrectomy in neonates with symptomatic autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.9th June 2020
  Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a rare cause of renal failure with a highly variable clinical course. Patients who are symptomatic early in life frequently require early nephrectomy and peritoneal dialysis. In these patients there are little data to guide clinicians on whether to select unilateral nephrectomy or bilateral nephrectomy at the initial […]
• Morpho-functional survey in children suspected of inherited retinal dystrophies via video recording, electrophysiology and genetic analysis.9th June 2020
  To present a detailed study matching functional response and video imaging with genetic analysis in children suspected of inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD).Sixteen children underwent fundus examination via video recording (Heine Omega 500 indirect ophthalmoscope with DV1 camera) and electroretinogram (ERG) under general anesthesia to investigate the cause of suspected low vision. The patients [median age […]
• Hemodynamic Changes Associated with Mydriatic Eye Drop Administration in Anesthetized Pediatric Patients.9th June 2020
  Dilating eye drops are routinely used in pediatric retinoblastoma patients during anesthetized ophthalmologic exams. Information on the systemic effects of ocular mydriatics, especially in anesthetized pediatric patients, is limited.The primary aim of this study was to analyze hemodynamic changes during mydriatic eye drop administration in anesthetized pediatric patients.A retrospective chart review was performed for pediatric […]
• [Comparison of two supraglottic airway devices on postoperative sore throat in children: a prospective randomized controlled trial].9th June 2020
  Sore throat is well recognized complaint after receiving general anesthesia. This study is conducted to compare the severity and frequency of postoperative sore throat in children undergoing elective surgery – following the use of Ambu laryngeal mask airway) or I-gel® – who are able to self-report postoperative sore throat.Seventy children, 6 to 16 years-old, undergoing […]
• Use of Dexmedetomidine and Opioids as the Primary Anesthetic in Infants and Young Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study.9th June 2020
  Anesthetic regimens using dexmedetomidine and short acting opioids have been suggested as potential alternatives to sevoflurane-based anesthesia in children. The primary aim of this study is to compare demographics, intraoperative characteristics, and complications of general anesthetics in which dexmedetomidine and opioids were used without sevoflurane, or in combination with a low sevoflurane concentration, in children […]
• Caudal epidural block versus ultrasound-guided dorsal penile nerve block for pediatric distal hypospadias surgery: A prospective, observational study.9th June 2020
  The surgery of hypospadias is very painful in the postoperative period and requires long-term analgesia. A dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) and caudal epidural block (CEB) are commonly used regional anesthesia techniques for postoperative pain control.The primary aim of the prospective, observational study was to use the duration until the first postoperative analgesic requirement after […]
• Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome due to a Novel Compound Heterozygous KCNQ1 Mutation in a Chinese Family.9th June 2020
  Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) is a rare but severe autosomal recessive disease characterized by profound congenital deafness and a prolonged QTc interval (greater than 500 milliseconds) in the ECG waveforms. The prevalence of JLNS is about 1/1000000 to 1/200000 around the world. However, exceed 25% of JLNS patients suffered sudden cardiac death with kinds […]
• A comparison of respiratory outcomes after treating retinopathy of prematurity with laser photocoagulation or intravitreal bevacizumab.9th June 2020
  To compare respiratory outcomes following treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) between infants treated with laser under general anesthesia to infants treated with intravitreal bevacizumab under bedside sedation.Retrospective cohort study.138 consecutive infants treated for ROP from September 2010 to September 2018 at one institution.Retrospective medical, procedural, and ophthalmologic data were collected, including pre-procedure (baseline) and […]
• A retrospective cohort study of adverse event assessment during anesthesia-related proceduresfor cochlear implant candidacy assessment and cochlear implantationin infants and toddlers.8th June 2020
  Cochlear implantation in childrenwith sensorineural hearing loss is preferably performed at youngest age because early auditory input is essential to prevent neural plasticity decline. In contrast, the rate of anesthetic adverse events is increased during infancy. Therefore, to provide recommendations regarding an optimal pediatric implantation age, these possible anesthetic risks in infants need to be […]
• Effects of hypothermia and hypothermia combined with hypocapnia on cerebral tissue oxygenation in piglets.8th June 2020
  Hypothermia and its combination with hypocapnia are frequently associated with anesthesia.The goal was to investigate the effects of hypothermia and hypothermia combined with hypocapnia (hypothermia-hypocapnia) on cerebral tissue oxygenation in anesthetized piglets.Twenty anesthetized piglets were randomly allocated to hypothermia (n = 10) or hypothermia-hypocapnia (n = 10). Cerebral monitoring comprised a tissue oxygen partial pressure […]
• Laparoscopic and laparotomic guided ureteral stenting during gynecological surgery without use of imaging: Safety and feasibility in a single institutional case series.7th June 2020
  Aim of this study is to refer a single center experience of laparoscopic or laparotomic assisted ureteral stenting without the use of imaging guidance.We recruited 19 patients in the Institute for Maternal and Child Health in Trieste (Italy) who underwent ureteral stenting between June 2017 and December 2018 for suspicious ureteral injury during gynecological surgery. […]
• Ventilation in pediatric anesthesia: A French multicenter prospective observational study (PEDIAVENT).6th June 2020
  Protective ventilation is now a standard of care in adults. However, management of ventilation is heterogeneous in children and little is known regarding the mechanical ventilation parameters actually used during pediatric anesthesia.The aim of the study was to assess current ventilatory practices during pediatric anesthesia in France and to compare them with pediatric experts’ statements, […]
• Effect of Intravenous Aminocaproid Acid on Blood Loss and Transfusion Requirements After Bilateral Varus Rotational Osteotomy: A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Randomized Trial.6th June 2020
  ε-Aminocaproic acid (EACA) is an antifibrinolytic agent that has been shown to decrease blood loss and transfusion requirements in several populations undergoing various surgical procedures. However, the efficacy of EACA has not been assessed in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy undergoing bilateral varus rotational femoral osteotomies. The purpose of this study was to assess the […]
• Collagen matrix as a replacement for Gelfilm® for post-tympanostomy tube myringoplasty.6th June 2020
  Gelfilm® is no longer available for use in myringoplasty. We have substituted a commercially available collagen matrix (Biodesign® Otologic Repair Graft) for Gelfilm® as on onlay patch after removal of retained tympanostomy tubes. We compare the effectiveness of these two materials for post-tympanostomy tube myringoplasty.Surgeries were performed in the same manner by residents supervised by […]
• Acute compartment syndrome in children; beware of “silent” compartment syndrome: A CARE-compliant case report.6th June 2020
  Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a feared complication following traumatic injuries. We describe the occurrence of silent ACS of the hand in a 2-year old patient with atypical symptoms.Our patient experienced massive swelling but minimal pain of the hand after a heavy bistro table with a stone tabletop had fallen on the right hand.After monitoring […]
• A randomised controlled trial of fibrinogen concentrate during scoliosis surgery.6th June 2020
  Bleeding and blood transfusion are common after scoliosis surgery. Fibrinogen is essential for blood clot formation and depletes quickly during haemorrhage. We randomly allocated 102 children 12-18 years old having surgery for idiopathic scoliosis, 51 to intra-operative fibrinogen concentrate 30 mg.kg-1 (maximum 2 g) and 51 to saline placebo. Fibrinogen reduced peri-operative blood loss by a median (95%CI) […]
• A Qualitative Assessment of Factors That Children, Parents, and Clinicians Prioritize in the Setting of Elective Anesthesia and Surgery.6th June 2020
  Assessing the postoperative recovery of pediatric patients is challenging as there is no validated comprehensive patient-centered recovery assessment tool for this population. A qualitative investigative approach with in-depth stakeholder interviews can provide insight into the recovery process and inform the development of a comprehensive patient-centered postoperative assessment tool for children.We conducted open-ended, semistructured interviews with […]
• [General anesthesia for Crisponi syndrome: case report].5th June 2020
  Crisponi syndrome is a rare and severe heritable disorder characterised by muscle contractions, trismus, apnea, feeding troubles, and unexplained high fever spikes with multiple organ failure. Here we report perioperative care for endoscopic gastrostomy of a 17 month-old female child with Crisponi syndrome. Temperature in the surgery room was strictly monitored and maintained at 19°C. The patient was […]
• Outcomes and complications of immediate versus delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery in children.5th June 2020
  To present the largest series to date comparing outcomes and complications of immediate versus delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS vs DSBCS) in children at a single center over a 10-year period.The medical records of children <2 years of age who underwent ISBCS and DSBCS were reviewed retrospectively. Data was collected on outcomes and complications […]
• Overhead Mounted Optical Coherence Tomography in Childhood Glaucoma Evaluation.5th June 2020
  Tabletop optical coherence tomography, integral to adult glaucoma management, can be limited in childhood glaucoma patients due to young age, poor cooperation, and/or technical challenges. To address these imaging difficulties, we determined the feasibility and quality of an overhead mounted unit in childhood glaucoma. Secondary aims included evaluation of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, parafoveal […]
• Improving tracheostomy care in the United Kingdom: results of a guided quality improvement programme in 20 diverse hospitals.5th June 2020
  Inconsistent and poorly coordinated systems of tracheostomy care commonly result in frustrations, delays, and harm. Quality improvement strategies described by exemplar hospitals of the Global Tracheostomy Collaborative have potential to mitigate such problems. This 3 yr guided implementation programme investigated interventions designed to improve the quality and safety of tracheostomy care.The programme management team guided […]
• Perioperative hypothermia in pediatric patients operated in a tertiary care center: Incidence and correlates.5th June 2020
  Hypothermia, described as temperature < 35°C, is a frequent condition encountered in patients operated under general anesthesia. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to estimate its incidence and to investigate the conditions associated with hypothermia in pediatric patients.This prospective clinical study was carried out in the operating theatre of a tertiary […]
• Integration of the Intrinsic Surgical Risk With Patient Comorbidities and Severity of Congenital Cardiac Disease Does Not Improve Risk Stratification in Children Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery.3rd June 2020
  The objective of this study is to estimate the surgical risk of noncardiac procedures on the incidence of 30-day mortality in children with congenital heart disease.Children with congenital heart disease undergoing noncardiac surgery from 2012 to 2016 and included in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) Pediatric database were […]
• The Physiological Effect of 1MAC Sevoflurane with or without 50% Xenon in Immature Rats.2nd June 2020
  Anesthetic-induced neurodegenerationin rats occursacross the first three postnatal weeks1 (human equivalent:fetus to pre-schooler), during which the central nervous system, respiratory control and pharmacodynamics undergo hugechanges. In immature rats, hypercarbia alone(mimicking isoflurane anesthesia-induced hypercarbia) induced neurodegeneration2 and Xenon reducesanesthetic-induced neurodegeneration. Click here to read the full article @ Paediatric anaesthesia