The Latest Hepatology Medical Journal Articles
Keep up to date with the latest in hepatology as a sub-specialty of gastroenterology. Check out the latest hepatology articles from leading medical journals in a single view, helping you discover relevant articles quickly and easily.
- Apatinib as second-line or later therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (AHELP): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) has shown antitumour activity in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, but few studies of VEGFR inhibitors have been done in populations with a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apatinib in patients with pretreated advanced […]
- Evaluation of hepatitis C treatment-as-prevention within Australian prisons (SToP-C): a prospective cohort study.Limited empirical evidence exists for the effectiveness of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment-as-prevention. The Surveillance and Treatment of Prisoners with hepatitis C (SToP-C) study aimed to assess the effect of HCV treatment-as-prevention in the prison setting.SToP-C was a prospective study, including a before-and-after analysis, within a cohort of people incarcerated in two maximum-security prisons (male) […]
- Surveillance of patients with cirrhosis remains suboptimal in the United States.Regular monitoring/surveillance for liver complications is crucial in the management of patients with cirrhosis to reduce morbidity and mortality. Recommendations from professional societies are available but adherence is not well studied, especially outside of academic centers. We aimed to determine the frequencies and factors associated with laboratory monitoring, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and esophageal varices (EV) […]
- Dysregulation of the ESRP2-NF2-YAP/TAZ axis promotes hepatobiliary carcinogenesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), the hepatic correlate of the metabolic syndrome, is a major risk factor for hepatobiliary cancer (HBC). Although chronic inflammation is thought to be the root cause of all these diseases, the mechanism whereby it promotes HBC in NAFLD remains poorly understood. Here we aim to evaluate the hypothesis that inflammation-related […]
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multisystem disease requiring a multidisciplinary and holistic approach.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a public health problem worldwide. This narrative Review provides an overview of the current literature to support the notion that NAFLD is a multisystem disease. Convincing evidence shows a strong association between NAFLD and the risk of developing multiple extrahepatic complications such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (ie, […]
- Global burden of acute viral hepatitis and its association with socioeconomic development status, 1990-2019.Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) represents an important global health problem; however, the progress in understanding AVH is limited because of the priority of combating persistent hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus infections. Therefore, an improved understanding of the burden of AVH is required to help design strategies for global intervention.Data of four major AVH […]
- Glutaminolysis-induced mTORC1 activation drives non-alcoholic steatohepatitis progression.A holistic insight on the relationship between obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is an unmet clinical need. Omics investigations can be used to investigate the multifaceted role of altered mitochondrial pathways to promote nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, a major risk factor for liver disease-associated death. There are no specific treatments but remission via surgery might […]
- Resolution of hepatitis E virus infection in CD8+ T cell depleted rhesus macaques.HEV is a significant cause of acute hepatitis globally. Some genotypes establish persistent infection when immunity is impaired. Adaptive immune mechanisms that mediate resolution of infection have not been identified. Here, the requirement for CD8+ T cells to control HEV infection was assessed in rhesus macaques, a model of acute and persistent HEV infection in […]
- The times they are a-changing – A refined proposal for finite HBV nucleos(t)ide analog therapy.Although discontinuation of nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment before HBsAg loss is part of all current hepatitis B virus (HBV) treatment guidelines for HBeAg-positive patients who achieved HBeAg seroconversion, a treatment endpoint known to be associated with silencing of HBV transcriptional activity and restoration of HBV-specific immune control, it is still highly controversial whether it is […]
- Liver transplantation for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in Europe: results of the ELITA/EF-CLIF collaborative study (ECLIS).Liver transplantation (LT) has been proposed to be an effective salvage therapy even for the sickest patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). This large collaborative study was designed to address the current clinical practice and outcomes of ACLF patients wait listed (WL) for LT in Europe.Retrospective study including 308 consecutive ACLF patients, listed in 20 […]
- TGF-β signaling in Liver, Pancreas, and Gastrointestinal Diseases and Cancer.Genetic alterations affecting transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling are exceptionally common in diseases and cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. As a regulator of tissue renewal, TGF-β signaling and the downstream SMAD-dependent transcriptional events play complex roles in the transition from a noncancerous disease state to cancer in the GI tract, liver, and pancreas. […]
- Current knowledge and management of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis.Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a complication of cirrhosis that is being increasingly recognized and increases in parallel with the severity of cirrhosis. Several risk factors have been associated with the occurrence and progression of PVT. Although the negative effect of complete PVT on the surgical outcome of liver transplant recipient is clear, its impact […]
- Laparoscopic versus open pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic or periampullary tumours: a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.The benefit and safety of laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD) for the treatment of pancreatic or periampullary tumours remain controversial. Studies have shown that the learning curve plays an important role in LPD, yet there are no randomised studies on LPD after the surgeons have surmounted the learning curve. The aim of this trial was to compare […]
- Obesity management for the gastroenterologist.Obesity has reached epidemic levels in the United Kingdom. Obesity is associated with important gastrointestinal and hepatic complications which are common and can present sooner than cardiometabolic disease but often the underlying obesity remains untreated. Given that gastroenterologists and hepatologists will be at the forefront of obesity management we present an overview encompassing obesity pathophysiology, […]
- Ursodeoxycholic acid in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.Ursodeoxycholic acid is commonly used to treat intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, yet its largest trial detected minimal benefit for a composite outcome (stillbirth, preterm birth, and neonatal unit admission). We aimed to examine whether ursodeoxycholic acid affects specific adverse perinatal outcomes.In this systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, […]
- Integrative study of diet-induced mouse models of NAFLD identifies PPARα as a sexually dimorphic drug target.We evaluated the influence of sex on the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated diet-induced phenotypic responses to define sex-specific regulation between healthy liver and NAFLD to identify influential pathways in different preclinical murine models and their relevance in humans.Different models of diet-induced NAFLD (high-fat diet, choline-deficient high-fat diet, Western diet or […]
- Bacterial infections adversely influence the risk of decompensation and survival in compensated cirrhosis.Prognosis of compensated cirrhosis is good until decompensation. In decompensated cirrhosis, bacterial infections (BIs) are common and increase the risk of death. The incidence and prognostic implications of BIs in compensated cirrhosis are less characterized. This study aimed to assess whether BIs influence the risk of decompensation and survival in patients with compensated cirrhosis.This is […]
- Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid or low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN trial): 10-year follow-up of an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.Laparoscopic surgery has been widely used for rectal cancer; however, its long-term outcomes remain controversial. This study aimed to assess the long-term oncological safety of laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer using 10-year follow-up data of the Comparison of Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid or low REctal cancer After Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN) trial.The COREAN trial […]
- A pilot study of Golexanolone, a new GABA-A receptor modulating steroid antagonist, in patients with covert hepatic encephalopathy.Golexanolone is a novel small molecule GABA-A receptor modulating steroid antagonist under development for treatment of cognitive and vigilance disorders due to allosteric over-activation of GABA-A receptors by neurosteroids. It restored spatial learning and motor coordination in animal models of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and mitigated the effects of intravenous allopregnanolone in healthy adults in a […]
- Impact of alcohol on the progression of HCV-related liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Despite a marked reduction in new cases of liver cirrhosis caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, over 500,000 new cirrhosis cases in this category were estimated globally in 2019. This contribution quantifies the relationship between alcohol use and the progression of liver disease in people with HCV infections.The causal impact of different levels of […]
- Low immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among liver transplant recipients.Two SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines were approved to prevent COVID-19 infection, with reported vaccine efficacy of 95%. Liver transplant (LT) recipients are at risk for lower vaccine immunogenicity and were not included in the registration trials. We assessed vaccine immunogenicity and safety in this special population.LT recipients followed at the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and healthy […]
- Disease-specific eQTL screening reveals an anti-fibrotic effect of AGXT2 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) poses an impending clinical burden. Genome-wide association studies have revealed a limited contribution of genomic variants to the disease, requiring alternative but robust approaches to identify disease-associated variants and genes. We carried out a disease-specific expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) screen to identify novel genetic factors that specifically act on […]
- Hepatic lipidomic remodeling in severe obesity manifests with steatosis and does not evolve with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.Obesity often leads to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can progress from simple steatosis (nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL)) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The accumulation of certain lipid subtypes is linked with worsening metabolic and liver disease, however, specific changes during progression from No-NAFL to NAFL then NASH are unresolved. Here, we characterise the liver, […]
- Clinical utility of 30% relative decline in MRI-PDFF in predicting fibrosis regression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Emerging data suggest that a 30% relative decline in liver fat, as assessed by MRI-proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), may be associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Activity Score improvement, but the association between decline in MRI-PDFF and fibrosis regression is not known. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between ≥30% relative decline in […]
- Discontinuation of infliximab in patients with ulcerative colitis in remission (HAYABUSA): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.Anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents are the mainstay of long-term treatment for refractory ulcerative colitis. However, long-term use of anti-TNF therapy might lead to an increased risk of malignancy or infection. To date, no randomised controlled trial has evaluated whether anti-TNF agents can be safely discontinued in patients with ulcerative colitis in remission. We therefore […]
- Falls are common, morbid, and predictable in patients with cirrhosis.Falls are a devastating complication of cirrhosis. The risk of falls in contemporary patients without HE is unclear. Further, bedside tools for predicting falls are lacking METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 299 subjects with currently compensated Child A-B (70% Child A) cirrhosis and portal hypertension without prior HE from 7/2016-8/2018. We followed patients for a median […]
- FOSL1 promotes cholangiocarcinoma via transcriptional effectors that could be therapeutically targeted.Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a neoplasia of the biliary tract driven by genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms. Here, we investigated the role of the transcription factor FOSL1, as well as its downstream transcriptional effectors, in the development and progression of CCA.FOSL1 was investigated in human CCA clinical samples. Genetic inhibition of FOSL1 in human and mouse […]
- Association of bezafibrate with transplant-free survival in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.Beneficial effect of bezafibrate (BZF) on symptoms and biochemical features of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) with incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been reported but long-term efficacy on survival remains unknown. In Japan, BZF has been used as a de facto second-line therapy for PBC since 2000. Herein, we compared the survival rates between […]
- Association of Adenoma Detection Rate and Adenoma Characteristics with Colorectal Cancer Mortality after screening colonoscopy.The adenoma detection rate (ADR) and characteristics of previously resected adenomas are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality. However, the combined effect of both factors on CRC mortality is unknown.Using data of the Austrian quality assurance program for screening colonoscopy, we evaluated the combined effect of ADR and lesion characteristics on subsequent risk […]
- Endoscopic evaluation of surgically altered bowel in inflammatory bowel disease: a consensus guideline from the Global Interventional Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group.The majority of patients with Crohn’s disease and a proportion of patients with ulcerative colitis will ultimately require surgical treatment despite advances in diagnosis, therapy, and endoscopic interventions. The surgical procedures that are most commonly done include bowel resection with anastomosis, strictureplasty, faecal diversion, and ileal pouch. These surgical treatment modalities result in substantial alterations […]
- Towards personalised medicine in autoimmune hepatitis: Measurement of thiopurine metabolites results in higher biochemical response rates compared to standard weight-based dosing of thiopurine therapy.Patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) usually receive maintenance therapy with thiopurines, such as azathioprine (AZA) or mercaptopurine (MP). Genetic polymorphisms in AZA metabolism can lead to variations in thioguanine nucleotide (TGN) and 6-methylmercaptopurine (MMP), both of which can cause adverse drug reactions (ADR). In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a therapeutic TGN range (225-450 pmol/8×108 erythrocytes) […]
- Downregulation of TGR5 (GPBAR1) in biliary epithelial cells contributes to the pathogenesis of sclerosing cholangitis.Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the biliary tree. The bile acid receptor TGR5 is found on biliary epithelial cells (BECs), where it promotes secretion, proliferation and tight junction integrity. Thus, we speculated that changes in TGR5-expression in BECs may contribute to PSC pathogenesis.TGR5-expression and -localization were analyzed […]
- Efficacy and safety of ravidasvir plus sofosbuvir in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis (STORM-C-1): interim analysis of a two-stage, open-label, multicentre, single arm, phase 2/3 trial.In low-income and middle-income countries, affordable direct-acting antivirals are urgently needed to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The combination of ravidasvir, a pangenotypic non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitor, and sofosbuvir has shown efficacy and safety in patients with chronic HCV genotype 4 infection. STORM-C-1 trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ravidasvir […]
- Muscle fat content is strongly associated with NASH: a longitudinal study in patients with morbid obesity.To evaluate the association between muscle mass and fatty infiltration and biopsy-assessed NAFLD in patients with obesity.At inclusion (n=184) and 12 months after a dietary intervention (n=15) or a bariatric surgery (n=24), we evaluated NAFLD with liver biopsy, skeletal muscle mass index with computed tomography (CT-SMI) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA-SMI). We developed an index […]
- Maternal and perinatal risk factors for pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common pediatric liver disease. The intrauterine and early life environment can have an important impact on the long-term metabolic health. We investigated the impact of maternal pre-pregnancy obesity, (pre)gestational diabetes, breastfeeding and birth anthropometrics/preterm birth on the development of NAFLD in children and adolescents.A comprehensive search […]
- Hepatitis C elimination among people incarcerated in prisons: challenges and recommendations for action within a health systems framework.Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a global public health problem in correctional settings. The International Network on Health and Hepatitis in Substance Users-Prisons Network is a special interest group committed to advancing scientific knowledge exchange and advocacy for HCV prevention and care in correctional settings. In this Review, we highlight seven priority areas and best […]
- Induction chemotherapy with lobaplatin and fluorouracil versus cisplatin and fluorouracil followed by chemoradiotherapy in patients with stage III-IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.Cisplatin-based induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been recommended in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines. However, cisplatin is associated with poor patient compliance and has notable side-effects. Lobaplatin, a third-generation platinum drug, has shown promising antitumour activity against several malignancies with less toxicity. In […]
- Germline cancer susceptibility gene testing in unselected patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma: A multi-center prospective study.Hereditary factors play a role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Identification of germline predisposition can have implications on treatment and cancer prevention. To determine prevalence of pathogenic germline variants (PGV) in CRC patients using an universal testing approach, association with clinical outcomes and the uptake of family variant testing.We undertook a prospective multi-site […]
- Perianal Crohn’s disease is associated with poor disease outcome: a nation-wide study from the epiIIRN cohort.Limited population-based data have explored perianal involvement in Crohn’s disease (CD) and compared the disease course between severe and non-severe perianal CD (PCD). We aimed to explore the disease course of these phenotypes in a population-based study of CD.Cases were identified from the epi-IIRN cohort and included two Israeli Health Maintenance Organizations, covering 78% of […]
- Assembly and infection efficacy of hepatitis B virus surface protein exchanges in eight hepatitis D virus genotype isolates.Chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections cause the most severe form of viral hepatitis. HDV requires hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope proteins for hepatocyte entry, particle assembly and release. Eight HDV and eight HBV genotypes are presently distinguished. However, comparing data of replication competence of HDV isolated from different genotypes lacks. Furthermore, it is unknown […]
- Bacterial infections in patients with acute variceal bleeding in the era of antibiotic prophylaxis.Antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the risk of infection and mortality in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding (AVB). This study examines the incidence and risk factors of bacterial infections during hospitalization in patients with AVB on antibiotic prophylaxis.Post-hoc analysis of the database of an international, multicenter, observational study designed to examine the role of preemptive TIPS […]
- Elevated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase at onset, and drug metabolism are associated with prolonged recovery from DILI.Although most drug-induced liver injury (DILI) cases resolve after the culprit medication is discontinued, time to recovery varies among patients, with 6-12% developing a chronic disease. Here, we investigated clinical factors and drug properties as potential risk determinants that influence the time course for DILI recovery and developed a model to predict its trajectory.We applied […]
- Multimodal investigation of rat hepatitis E virus antigenicity: implications for infection, diagnostics, and vaccine efficacy.Rat hepatitis E virus (Orthohepevirus species C; HEV-C1) is an emerging cause of viral hepatitis in humans. HEV-C1 is divergent from other HEV variants infecting humans that belong to Orthohepevirus species A (HEV-A). This study assessed HEV-C1 antigenic divergence from HEV-A and investigated the impact of this divergence on infection susceptibility, serological test sensitivity, and […]
- Overlap of Rome IV Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Dyspepsia and Effect on Natural History: A Longitudinal Follow-up Study.Disorders of gut-brain interaction, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD) frequently overlap, but the impact of this on the natural history is unknown. We examined this issue in a longitudinal follow-up study conducted in a large cohort of individuals.We collected complete demographic, symptom, mood, and psychological health data from 1374 adults […]
- The Prevalence and Predictors of Missed Dysplasia on Index Barrett’s Esophagus Diagnosing Endoscopy in a Veteran Population.Limitations of endoscopic sampling may result in missed dysplasia at the diagnosis of Barrett’s esophagus (BE). However, the role of close follow-up endoscopy is unclear. The aim was to evaluate the proportion of patients diagnosed with ‘missed’ dysplasia within 18 months of their index non-dysplastic BE (NDBE) diagnosis.This was a retrospective analysis of a cohort […]
- Detection of colorectal neoplasms using linked color imaging: A prospective, randomized, tandem colonoscopy trial.A higher adenoma detection rate (ADR) has been shown to be related to a lower incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. We analyzed the efficacy of linked color imaging (LCI) by assessing the detection, miss, and visibility of various featured adenomas as compared with white light imaging (WLI).This was a prospective, randomized, tandem trial. The […]
- Lubiprostone for Pediatric Functional Constipation: Randomized, Controlled, Double-blind Study With Long-term Extension.Pediatric functional constipation (PFC) is a common problem in children that causes distress and presents treatment challenges to healthcare professionals. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (Study 1) in patients with PFC (aged 6-17 years) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lubiprostone, followed by an open-label extension for those who completed the placebo-controlled phase […]
- Comparative Efficacy and Rapidity of Action for Infliximab vs. Ustekinumab in Biologic Naive Crohn’s Disease.Comparative effectiveness have become increasingly important to help position therapies for inflammatory bowel disease. We compared the efficacy and rapidity of onset of action of infliximab vs. ustekinumab induction therapy for moderate to severe biologic-naïve Crohn’s disease (CD) using patient-level data from randomized controlled trials.This was a post-hoc analysis of two large CD clinical trial […]
- HCV genome-wide analysis for development of efficient culture systems and unravelling of antiviral resistance in genotype 4.HCV-genotype 4 infections are a major cause of liver diseases in the Middle East/Africa with certain subtypes associated with increased risk of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment failures. We aimed at developing infectious genotype 4 cell culture systems to understand the evolutionary genetic landscapes of antiviral resistance, which can help preserve the future efficacy of DAA-based […]
- Cabazitaxel versus abiraterone or enzalutamide in poor prognosis metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.Treatment for poor prognosis metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) includes taxane chemotherapy and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI). We sought to determine optimal treatment in this setting.This multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial recruited patients with ARPI-naïve mCRPC and poor prognosis features (presence of liver metastases, progression to mCRPC after <12 months of androgen deprivation […]
- Exosome-delivered CD44v6/C1QBP complex drives pancreatic cancer liver metastasis by promoting fibrotic liver microenvironment.Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) shows a remarkable predilection for liver metastasis. Pro-oncogenic secretome delivery and trafficking via exosomes are crucial for pre-metastatic microenvironment formation and metastasis. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of how PDAC-derived exosomes (Pex) modulate the liver microenvironment and promote metastasis.C57BL/6 mice were ‘educated’ by tail vein Pex injection. The […]
- A Single Food Milk Elimination Diet is Effective for Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children.Cow’s milk protein (CMP) is the most common trigger of inflammation in children and adults with Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE). We sought to assess the clinical, endoscopic, and histological efficacy of dietary elimination of all CM protein-containing foods in EoE.We performed a prospective observational study in children with EoE treated with One Food Elimination Diet (1FED) […]
- Advances In The Comprehensive Management of Post-Operative Crohn’s Disease.Patients with post-operative Crohn’s disease are difficult to manage due to their risk of experiencing a more severe course, multiple symptom confounders and poor sensitivity of symptomatic remission to rule out intestinal inflammation. In this group, data are lacking on biologic therapeutic efficacy and recommendations are lacking for those with multiple medication failures. Novel non-invasive […]
- Epithelia-sensory neuron crosstalk underlies cholestatic itch induced by lysophosphatidylcholine.Limited understanding of pruritus mechanisms in cholestatic liver diseases hinders development of anti-pruritic treatments. Previous studies implicated lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) as a potential mediator of cholestatic pruritus.Pruritogenicity of LPC, LPA’s precursor, was examined in naïve mice, cholestatic mice, and nonhuman primates. LPC’s pruritogenicity involving keratinocyte-TRPV4 was studied using genetic and pharmacological approaches, cultured keratinocytes, ion […]
- Chemoprevention with low-dose aspirin, mesalazine, or both in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis without previous colectomy (J-FAPP Study IV): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, two-by-two factorial design trial.The only established treatment for preventing colorectal cancer in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is colectomy, which greatly reduces patient quality of life. Thus, an alternative method is warranted. In this trial, we aimed to clarify the individual and joint effects of low-dose aspirin and mesalazine on the recurrence of colorectal polyps in Japanese […]
- Association of weight changes with changes in histological features and blood markers in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.Weight loss is recommended for patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) but the impact of weight change on disease activity remains unclear. We examined the association between weight change (gain/loss) and changes in biochemical and histological features of NASH.This was an analysis of the PIVENS and FLINT trials in adults with NASH who had liver biopsies […]
- Interaction of Microbiome, Diet and Hospitalizations between Brazilian and American Patients with Cirrhosis.Gut microbiota are affected by diet, country and affects outcomes in cirrhosis. Western diets are associated with dysbiosis. Comparisons with other diets is needed.Compare cirrhosis patients from USA to Brazil with respect to diet, microbiota, and impact on hospitalizations.Healthy controls and compensated/decompensated outpatients with cirrhosis from USA and Brazil underwent dietary recall and stool for […]
- Dual Biologic or Small Molecule Therapy for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize emerging data on the safety and effectiveness of dual biologic therapy in combination or with tofacitinib in patients with refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Through a systematic search of multiple electronic databases through November 9, 2020, we identified cohort studies or case series (>10 patients) reporting the […]
- Microbiota engraftment after faecal microbiota transplantation in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes: a 24-week, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.The impact of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on microbiota engraftment in patients with metabolic syndrome is uncertain. We aimed to study whether combining FMT with lifestyle modification could enhance the engraftment of favourable microbiota in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).In this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, 61 obese subjects with T2DM were randomly […]
- Tailoring Surveillance Colonoscopy in Patients with Advanced Adenomas.Patients with advanced colorectal adenomas (AA) are directed to undergo intensive surveillance. However, the benefit derived from surveillance may be outweighed by the risk of death from non-colorectal cancer (CRC) causes, leading to uncertainty on how best to individualize follow-up. The aim of this study was to derive a risk prediction model and risk index […]