The Latest Gastrointestinal Cancer Journal Articles

Keep up to date with the latest in gastrointestinal cancer. Check out the latest gastrointestinal cancer articles from leading medical journals in a single view, helping you discover relevant articles quickly and easily.

• EGFR amplification and outcome in a randomised phase III trial of chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy plus panitumumab for advanced gastro-oesophageal cancers.17th November 2020
  Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition may be effective in biomarker-selected populations of advanced gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma (aGEA) patients. Here, we tested the association between outcome and EGFR copy number (CN) in pretreatment tissue and plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of patients enrolled in a randomised first-line phase III clinical trial of chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus the […]
• ADAMTSL5 is an epigenetically activated gene underlying tumorigenesis and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.16th November 2020
  The tumour microenvironment shapes tumour growth through cellular communications that include both direct interactions and secreted factors. The aim of this study was to characterize the impact of the secreted glycoprotein ADAMTSL5, whose role in cancer has not been previously investigated, on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).ADAMTSL5 methylation status was evaluated through bisulfite sequencing, and publicly available […]
• The balance of stromal BMP signaling mediated by GREM1 and ISLR drives colorectal carcinogenesis.16th November 2020
  Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), key constituents of the tumor microenvironment, either promote or restrain tumor growth. Attempts to therapeutically target CAFs have been hampered by our incomplete understanding of these functionally heterogeneous cells. Key growth factors in the intestinal epithelial niche, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), also play a critical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. However, […]
• Dicarbonyl Electrophiles Mediate Inflammation-Induced Gastrointestinal Carcinogenesis.15th November 2020
  Inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract may lead to the development of cancer. Dicarbonyl electrophiles, such as iso-levuglandins (isoLGs), are generated from lipid peroxidation during the inflammatory response, and form covalent adducts with amine-containing macromolecules. Thus, we sought to determine the role of dicarbonyl electrophiles in inflammation-associated carcinogenesis.Formation of isoLG adducts was analyzed in gastric tissues […]
• The overlap between irritable bowel syndrome and organic gastrointestinal diseases.15th November 2020
  Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder characterised by symptoms of recurrent abdominal pain associated with a change in bowel habit. This condition is one of the most frequent reasons to seek a gastroenterology consultation in primary and secondary care. The diagnosis of IBS is made by identifying characteristic symptoms, as defined […]
• Exosomes derived from Fusobacterium nucleatum-infected colorectal cancer cells facilitate tumour metastasis by selectively carrying miR-1246/92b-3p/27a-3p and CXCL16.11th November 2020
  Exosomes released from tumour cells are packed with unique RNA and protein cargo, and they are emerging as an important mediator in the communication network that promotes tumour progression. The facultative intracellular bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is an important colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated bacterium. To date, the function of exosomes from Fn-infected CRC cells has not […]
• Long-term instability of the intestinal microbiome is associated with metabolic liver disease, low microbiota diversity, diabetes mellitus and impaired exocrine pancreatic function.10th November 2020
  The intestinal microbiome affects the prevalence and pathophysiology of a variety of diseases ranging from inflammation to cancer. A reduced taxonomic or functional diversity of the microbiome was often observed in association with poorer health outcomes or disease in general. Conversely, factors or manifest diseases that determine the long-term stability or instability of the microbiome […]
• ALTERATIONS IN THE DUODENAL FLUID MICROBIOME OF PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC CANCER.8th November 2020
  The tumor microbiome of patients with pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) includes bacteria normally present in the upper gastrointestinal tract. If the predominant source of intratumoral bacteria in patients with PDAC is retrograde migration from the duodenum, duodenal fluid could be a representative biospecimen for determining microbiome profiles of patients with PDAC or at risk of […]
• Quality of colonoscopy is associated with adenoma detection and post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer prevention in Lynch syndrome.6th November 2020
  Colonoscopy reduces colorectal (CRC) incidence and mortality in Lynch syndrome (LS) carriers. However, a high incidence of post-colonoscopy CRC (PCCRC) has been reported. Colonoscopy is highly dependent on operator skill and subject to quality variability. We aimed to evaluate the impact of key colonoscopy quality indicators on adenoma detection and prevention of PCCRC in LS.We […]
• Cabozantinib-based combination therapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.4th November 2020
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer with limited treatment options. Cabozantinib, an orally bioavailable multikinase inhibitor is now approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for HCC patients. We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of cabozantinib, either alone or in combination, in vitro and in vivo.Human HCC cell lines and […]
• Randomised comparison of postpolypectomy surveillance intervals following a two-round baseline colonoscopy: the Japan Polyp Study Workgroup.3rd November 2020
  To assess whether follow-up colonoscopy after polypectomy at 3 years only, or at 1 and 3 years would effectively detect advanced neoplasia (AN), including nonpolypoid colorectal neoplasms (NP-CRNs).A prospective multicentre randomised controlled trial was conducted in 11 Japanese institutions. The enrolled participants underwent a two-round baseline colonoscopy (interval: 1 year) to remove all neoplastic lesions. Subsequently, […]
• Risk of digestive cancers in a cohort of 69 460 five-year survivors of childhood cancer in Europe: the PanCareSurFup study.3rd November 2020
  Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of subsequent primary neoplasms (SPNs), but the risk of developing specific digestive SPNs beyond age 40 years remains uncertain. We investigated risks of specific digestive SPNs within the largest available cohort worldwide.The PanCareSurFup cohort includes 69 460 five-year survivors of childhood cancer from 12 countries in Europe. Risks […]
• Tumor-derived adenosine promotes macrophage proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinoma.2nd November 2020
  Macrophages (Mφ) represent the major components of tumor tissues and play an important role in both tumor progression and therapeutic response. Although tumor Mφ are generally considered to be derived from circulating monocytes, emerging evidence indicates that tissue Mφ pools can be maintained by self-renewal. We aimed to elucidate the contribution, phenotype, and regulatory mechanisms […]
• Population-Based Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Abnormalities at Colon Capsule Endoscopy.1st November 2020
  The population prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) disease is unclear and difficult to assess in an asymptomatic population. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of GI lesions in a largely asymptomatic population undergoing colon capsule endoscopy (CCE).Participants aged between 50-75years were retrieved from the Rotterdam Study, a longitudinal epidemiological study, between 2017-2019. Participants […]
• PD-1 Signaling Promotes Tumor-Infiltrating Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Gastric Tumorigenesis in Mice.1st November 2020
  Immune checkpoint inhibitors have limited efficacy in many tumors. We investigated mechanisms of tumor resistance to inhibitors of programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1, also called PD1) in mice with gastric cancer, and the role of its ligand, PDL1.Gastrin-deficient mice were given N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in drinking water along with Helicobacter felis to induce gastric tumor formation; […]
• Standalone performance of artificial intelligence for upper GI neoplasia: a meta-analysis.31st October 2020
  Artificial intelligence (AI) may reduce underdiagnosed or overlooked upper GI (UGI) neoplastic and preneoplastic conditions, due to subtle appearance and low disease prevalence. Only disease-specific AI performances have been reported, generating uncertainty on its clinical value.We searched PubMed, Embase and Scopus until July 2020, for studies on the diagnostic performance of AI in detection and […]
• Epithelial TLR4 signaling activates DUOX2 to induce microbiota-driven tumorigenesis.31st October 2020
  Chronic colonic inflammation leads to dysplasia and cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We have described the critical role of innate immune signaling via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the pathogenesis of dysplasia and cancer. In the current study, we interrogate the intersection of TLR4 signaling, epithelial redox activity, and the microbiota in […]
• Cross-talk between the gut microbiota and monocyte-like macrophages mediates an inflammatory response to promote colitis-associated tumourigenesis.30th October 2020
  Macrophages are among the most abundant cells in the colon tumour microenvironment, and there is a close relationship among monocytes, macrophages and the gut microbiota. Alterations in the gut microbiota are involved in tumour development, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aim to elucidate the temporal changes in macrophage subsets and functions, and how […]
• Faecal immunochemical test is superior to symptoms in predicting pathology in patients with suspected colorectal cancer symptoms referred on a 2WW pathway: a diagnostic accuracy study.22nd October 2020
  To assess whether a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) could be used to select patients with suspected colorectal cancer (CRC) symptoms for urgent investigation.Multicentre, double-blinded diagnostic accuracy study in 50 National Health Service (NHS) hospitals across England between October 2017 and December 2019. Patients referred to secondary care with suspected CRC symptoms meeting NHS England criteria […]
• Blocking VCAM-1 inhibits pancreatic tumour progression and cancer-associated thrombosis/thromboembolism.22nd October 2020
  Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the deadliest cancer. Cancer-associated thrombosis/thromboembolism (CAT), frequently observed in PDAC, is known as a poor prognostic factor. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms between PDAC and CAT, and performed a trial of therapeutic approach for PDAC using a genetically engineered mouse model, PKF (Ptf1acre/+;LSL-KrasG12D/+;Tgfbr2flox/flox ).Presence of CAT in PKF mice […]
• Noninvasive strategies for colorectal cancer screening: opportunities and limitations.19th October 2020
  In the United States, only 67% of patients are up to date with colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. While colonoscopy is highly sensitive and specific for CRC and precursor lesion detection and removal, it is invasive, expensive and resource heavy. Hence, there is an unfulfilled need for multiple modality CRC screening that can improve current CRC […]
• Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can guide the therapeutic strategy by improving the detection of colorectal liver metastases.16th October 2020
  CT may miss up to 30% of cases of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). We assessed the impact of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) on the detection of CRLM and changes to the therapeutic strategy, and the accuracy of CEUS in differentiating unclear focal liver lesions (FLL) compared to staging-CT.We prospectively analyzed all patients with newly diagnosed and […]
• Vedolizumab or TNF-antagonist use and risk of new or recurrent cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease with prior malignancy: A retrospective cohort study.16th October 2020
  Treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD; Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) who have a prior history of cancer pose a unique challenge. The impact of Vedolizumab (VDZ) on the risk of new or recurrent cancers in patients with a previous malignancy is unknown.This was a retrospective study of patients with IBD with […]
• Colonoscopist Performance and Colorectal Cancer Risk after Adenoma Removal to Stratify Surveillance: two nationwide observational studies.16th October 2020
  Colonoscopy surveillance after adenoma removal is an increasing burden in many countries. Surveillance recommendations consider characteristics of removed adenomas, but not colonoscopist performance. We investigated the impact of colonoscopist performance on colorectal cancer risk after adenoma removal.We compared colorectal cancer risk after removal of high-risk adenomas, low-risk adenomas, and after negative colonoscopy for all colonoscopies […]
• Identifying novel susceptibility genes for colorectal cancer risk from a transcriptome-wide association study of 125,478 subjects.15th October 2020
  Susceptibility genes and the underlying mechanisms for the majority of risk loci identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for colorectal cancer (CRC) risk remain largely unknown. We conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) to identify putative susceptibility genes.Gene-expression prediction models were built using transcriptome and genetic data from the 284 normal transverse colon tissues of […]
• Worldwide Burden of, Risk Factors for, and Trends in Pancreatic Cancer.15th October 2020
  We evaluated global and regional burdens of, risk factors for, and epidemiologic trends in pancreatic cancer among groups of different sexes and ages.We used data from the GLOBOCAN database to estimate pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality in 184 countries. We examined the association between lifestyle and metabolic risk factors, extracted from the World Health Organization […]
• Targeting DNA Damage Response and Replication Stress in Pancreatic Cancer.11th October 2020
  Continuing recalcitrance to therapy cements pancreatic cancer (PC) as the most lethal malignancy, which is set to become the second leading cause of cancer death in our society. The study aim was to investigate the association between DNA damage response (DDR), replication stress and novel therapeutic response in PC to develop a biomarker driven therapeutic […]
• Notch activity characterizes a common hepatocellular carcinoma subtype with unique molecular and clinicopathologic features.10th October 2020
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, due in part through prevalent obesity-related nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Hepatocyte Notch pathway is a pathogenic factor to NASH-associated fibrosis, but its role in HCC is less defined. We characterized the molecular and clinical features of Notch-active human HCC, and investigated the mechanisms of how […]
• Development and validation of a serum microRNA biomarker panel for detecting gastric cancer in a high-risk population.8th October 2020
  An unmet need exists for a non-invasive biomarker assay to aid gastric cancer diagnosis. We aimed to develop a serum microRNA (miRNA) panel for identifying patients with all stages of gastric cancer from a high-risk population.We conducted a three-phase, multicentre study comprising 5248 subjects from Singapore and Korea. Biomarker discovery and verification phases were done […]
• Multiregion whole-exome sequencing of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms reveals frequent somatic KLF4 mutations predominantly in low-grade regions.8th October 2020
  Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are non-invasive precursor lesions that can progress to invasive pancreatic cancer and are classified as low-grade or high-grade based on the morphology of the neoplastic epithelium. We aimed to compare genetic alterations in low-grade and high-grade regions of the same IPMN in order to identify molecular alterations underlying neoplastic progression.We […]
• Ribonuclease 7-driven activation of ROS1 is a potential therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma.8th October 2020
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer with limited therapeutic options. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of HCC in response to ROS1-targeted therapy.Recombinant RNases were purified, and the ligand-receptor relationship between RNase7 and ROS1 was validated in HCC cell lines by Duolink, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation assays. Potential interacting residues between […]
• Interval cancer after colonoscopy in the Austrian National Screening Programme: influence of physician and patient factors.7th October 2020
  Postscreening colorectal cancer (PSCRC) after screening colonoscopy is associated with endoscopists’ performance and characteristics of resected lesions. Prior studies have shown that adenoma detection rate (ADR) is a decisive factor for PSCRC, but correlations with other parameters need further analysis and ADR may change over time.Cohort study including individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy between 1/2008 and […]
• Program components and results from an organized colorectal cancer screening program using annual fecal immunochemical testing.3rd October 2020
  Programmatic colorectal cancer (CRC) screening increases uptake, but the design and resources utilized for such models are not well known. We characterized program components and participation at each step in a large program that used mailed fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) with opportunistic colonoscopy.Mixed-methods with site visits and retrospective cohort analysis of 51-75-year-old adults during 2017 […]
• Association Between Time to Colonoscopy after Positive Fecal Testing and Colorectal Cancer Outcomes: a Systematic Review.3rd October 2020
  Colonoscopy is required following a positive fecal screening test for colorectal cancer (CRC). It remains unclear to what extent time to colonoscopy is associated with CRC-related outcomes. We performed a systematic review to elucidate this relationship.An electronic search was performed through April 2020 for studies reporting associations between time from positive fecal testing to colonoscopy […]
• Steatohepatitis Impairs T cell-directed Immunotherapies Against Liver Tumors in Mice.3rd October 2020
  Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis causes loss of hepatic CD4+ T cells and promotes tumor growth. The liver is the most common site of distant metastases from a variety of malignancies, many of which respond to immunotherapy. We investigated the effects of steatohepatitis on the efficacy of immunotherapeutic agents against liver tumors in mice.Steatohepatitis was induced by feeding […]
• IL-33 triggers early eosinophil-dependent events leading to metaplasia in a chronic model of gastritis-prone mice.3rd October 2020
  IL-33/IL-1F11 is an important mediator for the development of Th2-driven inflammatory disorders and has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of GI-related cancers, including gastric carcinoma. We therefore sought to mechanistically determine IL-33’s potential role as a critical factor linking chronic inflammation and gastric carcinogenesis using gastritis-prone SAMP1/YitFc (SAMP) mice METHODS: SAMP and (parental control) […]
• Screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori for gastric cancer prevention: the Taipei global consensus.2nd October 2020
  A global consensus meeting was held to review current evidence and knowledge gaps and propose collaborative studies on population-wide screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori for prevention of gastric cancer (GC).28 experts from 11 countries reviewed the evidence and modified the statements using the Delphi method, with consensus level predefined as ≥80% of agreement on […]
• Serrated Polyps and the Risk of Metachronous Colorectal Advanced Neoplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.2nd October 2020
  Surveillance recommendations for serrated polyps (SPs) are based on insufficient evidence. We aimed to evaluate the risk of metachronous advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACRN) associated with SPs.We searched all relevant studies published through August 2020 that examined the risk of SPs for developing metachronous lesions. We performed meta-analyses of the risk of metachronous ACRN or colorectal […]
• Mesenchymal plasticity regulated by Prrx1 drives aggressive pancreatic cancer biology.2nd October 2020
  Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a fibroblast-rich desmoplastic stroma. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been shown to display a high degree of interconvertible states including quiescent, inflammatory and myofibroblastic phenotypes, however, the mechanisms by which this plasticity is achieved are poorly understood. Here, we aim to elucidate the role of CAF plasticity and its […]
• TP53, a gene for colorectal cancer predisposition in the absence of Li-Fraumeni-associated phenotypes.1st October 2020
  Germline TP53 pathogenic (P) variants cause Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), an aggressive multitumor-predisposing condition. Due to the implementation of multigene panel testing, TP53 variants have been detected in individuals without LFS suspicion, for example, patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to decipher whether these findings are the result of detecting the background population prevalence or […]
• Exploring prognostic indicators in the pathological images of hepatocellular carcinoma based on deep learning.1st October 2020
  Tumour pathology contains rich information, including tissue structure and cell morphology, that reflects disease progression and patient survival. However, phenotypic information is subtle and complex, making the discovery of prognostic indicators from pathological images challenging.An interpretable, weakly supervised deep learning framework incorporating prior knowledge was proposed to analyse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore new prognostic […]
• Faecal immunochemical test after negative colonoscopy may reduce the risk of incident colorectal cancer in a population-based screening programme.29th September 2020
  Subjects with a positive faecal immunochemical test (FIT) have a much higher likelihood of advanced neoplasms than the general population. Whether FIT-positive subjects with negative colonoscopy should receive subsequent FIT screening remain unclear.Subjects with a negative colonoscopy after positive FIT in the first screening in the Taiwanese Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening Program 2004-2009 were followed […]
• Recent advances in clinical practice: colorectal cancer chemoprevention in the average-risk population.29th September 2020
  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and lethal malignancies in Western countries. Its development is a multistep process that spans more than 15 years, thereby providing an opportunity for prevention and early detection. The high incidence and mortality rates emphasise the need for prevention and screening. Many countries have therefore introduced CRC […]
• Artificial Intelligence System to Determine Risk of T1 Colorectal Cancer Metastasis to Lymph Node.26th September 2020
  In accordance with guidelines, most patients with T1 colorectal cancers (CRC) undergo surgical resection with lymph node dissection, despite the low incidence (∼10%) of metastasis to lymph node. To reduce unnecessary surgical resections, we used artificial intelligence to build a model to identify T1 colorectal tumors at risk for metastasis to lymph node and validated […]
• Predicting Outcomes in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis for Management Optimization: Systematic Review and Consensus Statements from PIBD-Ahead Program.25th September 2020
  A better understanding of prognostic factors in ulcerative colitis (UC) could improve patient management and reduce complications. We aimed to identify evidence-based predictors for outcomes in pediatric UC, which may be used to optimize treatment algorithms.Potential outcomes worthy of prediction in UC were determined by surveying 202 experts in pediatric UC. A systematic review of […]
• A global investment framework for the elimination of hepatitis B.24th September 2020
  More than 292 million people are living with hepatitis B worldwide and are at risk of death from liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set global targets for the elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. However, current levels of global investment in viral hepatitis elimination […]
• Conceptual Model for the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening Continuum: Current Status and Research Agenda.22nd September 2020
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to have a dismal prognosis, with 5-year survival below 20%. This poor prognosis can be in part attributed to failures along the cancer screening process continuum such as underuse of screening in at risk patients and appropriate treatments for patients with HCC. Better understanding these process failures, and how they compare […]
• DDIT4 licenses only healthy cells to proliferate during injury-induced metaplasia.21st September 2020
  In stomach, metaplasia can arise from differentiated chief cells that become mitotic via paligenosis, a stepwise program. In paligenosis, mitosis initiation requires reactivation of the cellular energy hub mTORC1 after initial mTORC1 suppression by DNA damage induced transcript 4 (DDIT4 aka REDD1). Here, we use DDIT4-deficient mice and human cells to study how metaplasia increases […]
• Reduction of squalene epoxidase by cholesterol accumulation accelerates colorectal cancer progression and metastasis.18th September 2020
  Squalene epoxidase (SQLE), a rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, is suggested as a proto-oncogene. Paradoxically, SQLE is degraded by excess cholesterol, and low SQLE is associated with aggressive colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, we studied the functional consequences of SQLE reduction in CRC progression.Gene and protein expression data and clinical features of CRCs were obtained from […]
• Clinical and genomic characterisation of mismatch repair deficient pancreatic adenocarcinoma.16th September 2020
  To describe the clinical, pathological and genomic characteristics of pancreatic cancer with DNA mismatch repair deficiency (MMRD) and proficiency (MMRP).We identified patients with MMRD and MMRP pancreatic cancer in a clinical cohort (N=1213, 519 with genetic testing, 53 with immunohistochemistry (IHC)) and a genomic cohort (N=288 with whole-genome sequencing (WGS)).12 out of 1213 (1.0%) in […]
• Higher adenoma detection rates at screening associated with lower long-term colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.15th September 2020
  Detection and removal of adenomas reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. The impact of adenoma detection rates (ADRs) on long-term CRC incidence and mortality is unknown. We investigated this using data from the UK Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening Trial (UKFSST).Of 167,882 UKFSST participants, 40,085 were in the intervention arm and underwent flexible sigmoidoscopy screening at 13 trial […]
• Benefits and Harms of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance in a Prospective Cohort of Patients with Cirrhosis.13th September 2020
  The value of a cancer screening programs is defined by its balance of benefits and harms; however, there are few data evaluating both attributes for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance. We aimed to characterize benefits and harms of HCC surveillance in a large prospective cohort of patients with cirrhosis.We conducted a secondary analysis of a clinical […]
• Streptococcus thermophilus inhibits colorectal tumorigenesis through secreting β-galactosidase.13th September 2020
  Streptococcus thermophilus was identified to be depleted in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) by shotgun metagenomic sequencing of 526 multi-cohort fecal samples. Here, we aim to investigate if this bacterium could act as a prophylactics for CRC prevention.The anti-tumor effects of S. thermophilus were assessed in cultured colonic epithelial cells and in two murine models […]
• RSK2-inactivating mutations potentiate MAPK signaling and support cholesterol metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma.12th September 2020
  Background and Aims Mutational profiling of patient tumors has suggested that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development is mainly driven by loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes. p90 Ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) functions as a direct downstream kinase of ERK1/2, and elevated RSK2 expression supporting oncogenic functions has been reported in some cancers. We investigated if […]
• TREM-2 defends the liver against hepatocellular carcinoma through multifactorial protective mechanisms.10th September 2020
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and aggressive cancer usually arising on a background of chronic liver injury involving inflammatory and hepatic regenerative processes. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2) is predominantly expressed in hepatic non-parenchymal cells and inhibits Toll-like receptor signalling, protecting the liver from various hepatotoxic injuries, yet its role […]
• WASh multicentre randomised controlled trial: water-assisted sigmoidoscopy in English NHS bowel scope screening.8th September 2020
  The English Bowel Cancer Screening Programme invites 55 year olds for a sigmoidoscopy (Bowel Scope Screening (BSS)), aiming to resect premalignant polyps, thus reducing cancer incidence. A national patient survey indicated higher procedural pain than anticipated, potentially impacting on screening compliance and effectiveness. We aimed to assess whether water-assisted sigmoidoscopy (WAS), as opposed to standard CO2 […]
• Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on colorectal cancer screening delay: effect on stage shift and increased mortality.8th September 2020
  The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a sudden, dramatic impact on healthcare. In Italy, since the beginning of the pandemic, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs have been forcefully suspended. We aimed to evaluate whether screening procedure delays can affect the outcomes of CRC screening.We built a procedural model considering delays in the time to colonoscopy and estimating […]
• Advances in the treatment of gastric cancer.5th September 2020
  To provide an up-to-date review on the management of cancers of the stomach and esophagogastric junction (EGJ).Microsatellite instable (MSI) high status in gastric cancer may portend a relatively good prognosis and indicate that adjuvant chemotherapy is of no added benefit to primary surgical management. In the preoperative treatment of HER2 (ErbB2)-positive EGJ adenocarcinoma with chemoradiotherapy, […]
• Liquid biopsy in the clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma.5th September 2020
  With increasing knowledge on molecular tumour information, precision oncology has revolutionised the medical field over the past years. Liquid biopsy entails the analysis of circulating tumour components, such as circulating tumour DNA, tumour cells or tumour-derived extracellular vesicles, and has thus come as a handy tool for personalised medicine in many cancer entities. Clinical applications […]
• Development and validation of a model to predict survival in colorectal cancer using a gradient-boosted machine.5th September 2020
  The success of treatment planning relies critically on our ability to predict the potential benefit of a therapy. In colorectal cancer (CRC), several nomograms are available to predict different outcomes based on the use of tumour specific features. Our objective is to provide an accurate and explainable prediction of the risk to die within 10 […]