The Latest Gastrointestinal Cancer Journal Articles
Keep up to date with the latest in gastrointestinal cancer. Check out the latest gastrointestinal cancer articles from leading medical journals in a single view, helping you discover relevant articles quickly and easily.
- Antiviral therapy in the palliative setting of HCC (BCLC B and C).The potential impact of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC)-B/C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is understudied. HCC patients have been systematically excluded from randomised controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of DAAs. Thus, the benefits of DAAs in patients with HCC are less defined. The presence of active HCC before initiating DAA […]
- Colorectal Cancer Incidence after Colonoscopy at Ages 45-49 or 50-54 Years.Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence at ages <50 years is increasing, leading to proposals lower the CRC screening initiation age to 45 years. Data on the effectiveness of CRC screening at ages 45-49 years are lacking.We studied the association between undergoing colonoscopy at ages 45-49 or 50-54 years and CRC incidence in a retrospective population-based cohort […]
- Inflammatory cell-derived CXCL3 promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis through a novel myofibroblast-hijacked cancer escape mechanism.Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most lethal malignancy and lacks effective treatment. We aimed to understand molecular mechanisms of the intertwined interactions between tumour stromal components in metastasis and to provide a new paradigm for PDAC therapy.Two unselected cohorts of 154 and 20 patients with PDAC were subjected to correlation between interleukin (IL)-33 and […]
- Risk of cancer in biopsy-proven alcohol-related liver disease: A population-based cohort study of 3,410 persons.Persons with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) are at an increased risk of death and liver-related endpoints, but the association with incident cancer is not well understood, and whether it differs across histopathological subgroups is undefined.We investigated the risk of cancer in 3,410 persons with a diagnosis of ALD and an available liver biopsy in Sweden […]
- Selecting Endpoints for Disease-Modification Trials in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: the SPIRIT consensus from the IOIBD.Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), encompassing Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic and disabling disorders. Prospective disease-modification trials to prevent disease progression are eagerly awaited. However, disease progression is not clearly defined. The objective of the Selecting EndPoInts foR Disease-ModIfication Trials (SPIRIT) initiative was to achieve international expert consensus on the endpoints to […]
- Zinc Dependent Regulation of ZEB1 and YAP1 Co-activation Promotes EMT Plasticity and Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer.Pancreatic cancer is characterized by extensive metastasis. EMT plasticity plays a critical role in tumor progression and metastasis by maintaining the transition between EMT and MET states. Our aim is to understand the molecular events regulating metastasis and EMT plasticity in pancreatic cancer.The interactions between a cancer promoting zinc transporter ZIP4, a zinc dependent EMT […]
- An update on the epidemiology, molecular characterization, diagnosis, and screening strategies for early-onset colorectal cancer.Rising trends in the incidence and mortality of early-onset CRC in those who are ages less than 50 years have been well-established. These trends have spurred intense investigation focused on elucidating the epidemiology and characteristics of early-onset CRC, as well on identifying strategies for early detection and prevention. In this review, we provide a contemporary […]
- Colonic epithelial-derived Selenoprotein P is the source for antioxidant-mediated protection in colitis-associated cancer.Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) demonstrate nutritional selenium deficiencies and are at greater risk for colon cancer. Previously, we determined that global reduction of the secreted antioxidant selenium-containing protein, Selenoprotein P (SELENOP), substantially increased tumor development in an experimental colitis-associated cancer (CAC) model. We next sought to delineate tissue-specific contributions of SELENOP to intestinal […]
- The health impact of MAFLD, a novel disease cluster of NAFLD, is amplified by the integrated effect of fatty liver disease related genetic variants.Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a newly proposed disease category that derived from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The impact of MAFLD on health events has not been investigated.UK Biobank participants were diagnosed for whether MAFLD presented at baseline. Five genetic variants (PNPLA3 rs738409 C/G, TM6SF2 rs58542926 C/T, GCKR rs1260326 T/C, MBOAT7 rs641738 C/T, […]
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Survival Among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fastest rising cause of cancer-related death in the United States; however, HCC incidence and mortality are not equally distributed among racial/ethnic groups. Our aim was to characterize the direction and magnitude of racial/ethnic disparities in overall survival and early tumor detection among patients with HCC.We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane […]
- Prognostic factors for advanced colorectal neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify all prognostic factors for advanced colorectal neoplasia (aCRN, high-grade dysplasia or CRC) in patients with IBD.A systematic literature search was conducted according to the MOOSE guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using […]
- Racial and ethnic disparities in germline genetic testing of patients with young-onset colorectal cancer.Up to 20% of younger patients (age <50 years) diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) have germline mutations in cancer susceptibility genes. Germline genetic testing may guide clinical management and facilitate earlier intervention in affected relatives. Few studies have characterized differences in genetic testing by race/ethnicity.We identified young adults (age 18-49 years) diagnosed with CRC between […]
- Hepatocyte-specific NRF2 activation controls fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis in steatohepatitis.In chronic liver diseases, inflammation induces oxidative stress and thus may contribute to the progression of liver injury, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis. The KEAP1/NRF2 axis is a major regulator of cellular redox balance. In the present study, we investigated whether the KEAP1/NRF2 system is involved in liver disease progression in humans and mice.The clinical relevance of […]
- Hepatic stellate cells in hepatocellular carcinoma promote tumor growth via growth differentiation factor 15 production.Although the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor growth, it is not fully understood what role hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) microenvironment.A high-fat-diet following streptozotocin was administered to HSC-specific Atg7-deficient (GFAP-Atg7KO) or GDF15-dificient (GFAP-GDF15KO) mice. LX-2 cells, a human HSC cell line, were cultured with human hepatoma cells.In […]
- Integrated genomic profiling and modelling for risk stratification in patients with advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma.Prognosis of patients with advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (mEGAC) is poor and molecular determinants of shorter or longer overall survivors are lacking. Our objective was to identify molecular features and develop a prognostic model by profiling the genomic features of patients with mEGAC with widely varying outcomes.We profiled 40 untreated mEGACs (20 shorter survivors <13 months […]
- Integrated genomic profiling and modelling for risk stratification in patients with advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma.Prognosis of patients with advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (mEGAC) is poor and molecular determinants of shorter or longer overall survivors are lacking. Our objective was to identify molecular features and develop a prognostic model by profiling the genomic features of patients with mEGAC with widely varying outcomes.We profiled 40 untreated mEGACs (20 shorter survivors <13 months […]
- F. nucleatum targets lncRNA ENO1-IT1 to promote glycolysis and oncogenesis in colorectal cancer.Microbiota disorder promotes chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis. High glycolysis is associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the potential correlation between the gut microbiota and glucose metabolism is unknown in CRC.18F-FDG (18F-fluorodeoxyglucose) PET (positron emission tomography)/CT image scanning data and microbiota PCR analysis were performed to measure the correlation between metabolic […]
- Diet and cancer of the esophagus and stomach.Dietary factors have been linked to cancers. This review focuses on several nutrients, which have strong evidence showing increase in cancer risks in the esophagus and stomach.Obesity is an important risk factor in upper gastrointestinal cancers. High sugar content in food and sugary drinks are the main drivers of obesity. Proinflammatory diet is another dietary […]
- Genetic evidence that a gut commensal bacterium can cause colorectal cancer.Our gastrointestinal tract is colonized by trillions of microbes. There is growing recognition that commensal bacteria can promote the development of colorectal adenomas and cancer. For example, bacterial plaques are strongly associated with adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis (Science 2018;359:592-597), and fusobacterium is associated with colorectal cancer liver metastasis.(Science 2017;358:1443-1448). View the full article @ […]
- Population-based Screening for Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Variants in Japan.Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. A small proportion of CRCs can be attributed to recognizable hereditary germline variants of known CRC susceptibility genes. To better understand cancer risk, it is necessary to explore the prevalence of hereditary CRC and pathogenic variants of multiple cancer-predisposing genes in non-European […]
- Radical surgery versus organ preservation via short-course radiotherapy followed by transanal endoscopic microsurgery for early-stage rectal cancer (TREC): a randomised, open-label feasibility study.Radical surgery via total mesorectal excision might not be the optimal first-line treatment for early-stage rectal cancer. An organ-preserving strategy with selective total mesorectal excision could reduce the adverse effects of treatment without substantially compromising oncological outcomes. We investigated the feasibility of recruiting patients to a randomised trial comparing an organ-preserving strategy with total mesorectal […]
- Cadherin 11 Promotes Immunosuppression and Extracellular Matrix Deposition to Support Growth of Pancreatic Tumors and Resistance to Gemcitabine in Mice.Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) are characterized by fibrosis and an abundance of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). We investigated strategies to disrupt interactions among CAFs, the immune system, and cancer cells, focusing on adhesion molecule cadherin 11 (CDH11), which has been associated with other fibrotic disorders and is expressed by activated fibroblasts.We compared levels of CDH11 mRNA […]
- Participation in Competing Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening – a Randomized Health Services Study (PICCOLINO Study).Primary colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) are considered first tier tests for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Although colonoscopy is considered the most efficacious test, FIT may achieve higher participation rates. It is uncertain what the best strategy is for offering population-wide CRC screening.This was a multicenter randomized health services study performed within the framework […]
- Iqgap3-Ras axis drives stem cell proliferation in the stomach corpus during homoeostasis and repair.Tissue stem cells are central regulators of organ homoeostasis. We looked for a protein that is exclusively expressed and functionally involved in stem cell activity in rapidly proliferating isthmus stem cells in the stomach corpus.We uncovered the specific expression of Iqgap3 in proliferating isthmus stem cells through immunofluorescence and in situ hybridisation. We performed lineage […]
- Metabolic Signatures of Healthy Lifestyle Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk in a European Cohort.Colorectal cancer risk can be lowered by adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) guidelines. We derived metabolic signatures of adherence to these guidelines and tested their associations with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC) cohort.Scores reflecting adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (scale 1-5) were […]
- Epigenetic alterations in the gastrointestinal tract: Current and emerging use for biomarkers of cancer.Colorectal cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, and esophageal cancer are leading causes of cancer related deaths worldwide. A fundamental trait of virtually all gastrointestinal cancers is genomic and epigenomic DNA alterations. Cancer cells acquire genetic and epigenetic alterations that drive the initiation and progression of the cancers by altering the molecular and cell […]
- Targeting G protein-coupled receptors for the treatment of chronic pain in the digestive system.Chronic pain is a hallmark of functional disorders, inflammatory diseases and cancer of the digestive system. The mechanisms that initiate and sustain chronic pain are incompletely understood, and available therapies are inadequate. This review highlights recent advances in the structure and function of pronociceptive and antinociceptive G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that provide insights into the […]
- Integrative molecular characterization of gallbladder cancer reveals microenvironment-associated subtypes.Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common type of biliary tract cancer, but the molecular mechanisms involved in gallbladder carcinogenesis remain poorly understood. In this study, we applied integrative genomics approaches to characterize GBC and explore molecular subtypes associated with patient survival.We profiled the mutational landscape of GBC tumors (whole-exome sequencing on 92, targeted sequencing […]
- Understanding tumor cell heterogeneity and its implication for immunotherapy in liver cancer by single cell analysis.Precision medicine and immunotherapeutic approaches have gained popularity in oncological research over the last decade. Early clinical trials employing these techniques showed promising results, albeit phase III clinical trials showed sufficient clinical response rates in only a fraction of patients. Knowledge from subsequent translational studies imply the importance of targeting the tumor micro-environment to overcome […]
- Risk and time pattern of recurrences after local endoscopic resection of T1 colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.Growing numbers of T1 CRC patients are being treated with local endoscopic resection only and as a result, the need for optimization of surveillance strategies for these patients also increases. We aimed to estimate the cumulative incidence and time pattern of CRC recurrences for endoscopically treated T1 CRC patients.Using a systematic literature search in PubMed, […]
- Cancer and the Microbiome: Influence of the commensal microbiota on cancer, immune responses, and immunotherapy.The commensal microbiota has been implicated in the regulation of a diverse array of physiological processes, both within the gastrointestinal tract and at distant tissue sites. Cancer is no exception, and distinct aspects of the microbiota have been reported to have either pro- or anti-tumor effects. The functional role of the microbiota in regulating not […]
- Extensive peritoneal lavage with saline after curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer (EXPEL): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.Peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer after curative surgical resection is common and portends a poor prognosis. Early studies suggest that extensive intraoperative peritoneal lavage (EIPL) might reduce the risk of peritoneal recurrence and improve survival. We aimed to evaluate the survival benefit of EIPL in patients with gastric cancer undergoing curative gastrectomy.In this open-label, phase […]
- Computational modelling suggests that Barrett’s oesophagus may be the precursor of all oesophageal adenocarcinomas.Barrett’s oesophagus (BE) is a known precursor to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) but current clinical data have not been consolidated to address whether BE is the origin of all incident OAC, which would reinforce evidence for BE screening efforts. We aimed to answer whether all expected prevalent BE, diagnosed and undiagnosed, could account for all incident […]
- Spatial profiling of gastric cancer patient-matched primary and locoregional metastases reveals principles of tumour dissemination.Endoscopic mucosal biopsies of primary gastric cancers (GCs) are used to guide diagnosis, biomarker testing and treatment. Spatial intratumoural heterogeneity (ITH) may influence biopsy-derived information. We aimed to study ITH of primary GCs and matched lymph node metastasis (LNmet).GC resection samples were annotated to identify primary tumour superficial (PTsup), primary tumour deep (PTdeep) and LNmet […]
- Colorectal cancer screening with repeated fecal immunochemical test versus sigmoidoscopy: baseline results from a randomized trial.The comparative effectiveness of sigmoidoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is unknown.Individuals aged 50-74 years living in South-East Norway were randomly invited between 2012 and 2019 to either once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy or FIT screening every second year. Colonoscopy was recommended after sigmoidoscopy if any polyp ≥10 mm, ≥ three adenomas, any advanced […]
- TWEAK/Fn14 signalling promotes cholangiocarcinoma niche formation and progression.Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a cancer of the hepatic bile ducts that is rarely resectable and associated with poor prognosis. New therapeutic strategies are urgently required. Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is known to signal via its receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) and induce cholangiocyte and myofibroblast proliferation in liver injury. Its […]
- The Colombian chemoprevention trial. Twenty-year follow-up of a cohort of patients with gastric precancerous lesions.Helicobacter pylori eradication and endoscopic surveillance of gastric precancerous lesions are strategies to reduce gastric cancer (GC) risk. This study is the longest prospective cohort of an H. pylori eradication trial in a Hispanic population.800 adults with precancerous lesions were randomized to anti-H. pylori treatment or placebo. Gastric biopsies at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 16, […]
- RNA-binding protein RALY reprogrammes mitochondrial metabolism via mediating miRNA processing in colorectal cancer.Dysregulated cellular metabolism is a distinct hallmark of human colorectal cancer (CRC). However, metabolic programme rewiring during tumour progression has yet to be fully understood.We analysed altered gene signatures during colorectal tumour progression, and used a complex of molecular and metabolic assays to study the regulation of metabolism in CRC cell lines, human patient-derived xenograft […]
- Artificial intelligence-based pathology for gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary cancers.Artificial intelligence (AI) can extract complex information from visual data. Histopathology images of gastrointestinal (GI) and liver cancer contain a very high amount of information which human observers can only partially make sense of. Complementing human observers, AI allows an in-depth analysis of digitised histological slides of GI and liver cancer and offers a wide […]
- Multicentre randomised controlled trial on virtual chromoendoscopy in the detection of neoplasia during colitis surveillance high-definition colonoscopy (the VIRTUOSO trial).Longstanding colonic IBD increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer. The utility of chromoendoscopy with standard-definition white light technology has been established. However, the use of high-definition virtual chromoendoscopy (HDV) in colitis surveillance remains undefined.To compare the performance of HDV (i-scan OE mode 2) with high-definition white light (HDWL) for detection of neoplasia in patients […]
- Wnt Signaling Shapes the Histological Variation in Diffuse Gastric Cancer.Diffuse type gastric cancer is currently subdivided into signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) and non-SRCC referred to as poorly cohesive carcinoma not otherwise specified (PCC-NOS). Although these subtypes are considered to be independent, they often co-exist in the same tumors, raising a question whether they clonally differ or not. To tackle this question, we established an […]
- RNA m6A methyltransferase METTL3 facilitates colorectal cancer by activating m6A-GLUT1-mTORC1 axis and is a therapeutic target.RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification has recently emerged as a new regulatory mechanism in cancer progression. We aimed to explore the role of m6A regulatory enzyme METTL3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target.The expression and clinical implication of METTL3 were investigated in multiple human CRC cohorts. The underlying mechanisms of […]
- Beyond pregnancy, women’s health in inflammatory bowel disease.Women’s health includes comprehensive physical, mental and preventive care. This section will provide an overview of some of the most common disorders that can impact the health and quality of life (QOL) of women with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs).Women with IBD are at higher risk for cervical dysplasia compared to healthy controls with most cases […]
- EGFR amplification and outcome in a randomised phase III trial of chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy plus panitumumab for advanced gastro-oesophageal cancers.Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition may be effective in biomarker-selected populations of advanced gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma (aGEA) patients. Here, we tested the association between outcome and EGFR copy number (CN) in pretreatment tissue and plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of patients enrolled in a randomised first-line phase III clinical trial of chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus the […]
- ADAMTSL5 is an epigenetically activated gene underlying tumorigenesis and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.The tumour microenvironment shapes tumour growth through cellular communications that include both direct interactions and secreted factors. The aim of this study was to characterize the impact of the secreted glycoprotein ADAMTSL5, whose role in cancer has not been previously investigated, on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).ADAMTSL5 methylation status was evaluated through bisulfite sequencing, and publicly available […]
- The balance of stromal BMP signaling mediated by GREM1 and ISLR drives colorectal carcinogenesis.Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), key constituents of the tumor microenvironment, either promote or restrain tumor growth. Attempts to therapeutically target CAFs have been hampered by our incomplete understanding of these functionally heterogeneous cells. Key growth factors in the intestinal epithelial niche, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), also play a critical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. However, […]
- Dicarbonyl Electrophiles Mediate Inflammation-Induced Gastrointestinal Carcinogenesis.Inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract may lead to the development of cancer. Dicarbonyl electrophiles, such as iso-levuglandins (isoLGs), are generated from lipid peroxidation during the inflammatory response, and form covalent adducts with amine-containing macromolecules. Thus, we sought to determine the role of dicarbonyl electrophiles in inflammation-associated carcinogenesis.Formation of isoLG adducts was analyzed in gastric tissues […]
- The overlap between irritable bowel syndrome and organic gastrointestinal diseases.Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder characterised by symptoms of recurrent abdominal pain associated with a change in bowel habit. This condition is one of the most frequent reasons to seek a gastroenterology consultation in primary and secondary care. The diagnosis of IBS is made by identifying characteristic symptoms, as defined […]
- Exosomes derived from Fusobacterium nucleatum-infected colorectal cancer cells facilitate tumour metastasis by selectively carrying miR-1246/92b-3p/27a-3p and CXCL16.Exosomes released from tumour cells are packed with unique RNA and protein cargo, and they are emerging as an important mediator in the communication network that promotes tumour progression. The facultative intracellular bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is an important colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated bacterium. To date, the function of exosomes from Fn-infected CRC cells has not […]
- Long-term instability of the intestinal microbiome is associated with metabolic liver disease, low microbiota diversity, diabetes mellitus and impaired exocrine pancreatic function.The intestinal microbiome affects the prevalence and pathophysiology of a variety of diseases ranging from inflammation to cancer. A reduced taxonomic or functional diversity of the microbiome was often observed in association with poorer health outcomes or disease in general. Conversely, factors or manifest diseases that determine the long-term stability or instability of the microbiome […]
- ALTERATIONS IN THE DUODENAL FLUID MICROBIOME OF PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC CANCER.The tumor microbiome of patients with pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) includes bacteria normally present in the upper gastrointestinal tract. If the predominant source of intratumoral bacteria in patients with PDAC is retrograde migration from the duodenum, duodenal fluid could be a representative biospecimen for determining microbiome profiles of patients with PDAC or at risk of […]
- Quality of colonoscopy is associated with adenoma detection and post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer prevention in Lynch syndrome.Colonoscopy reduces colorectal (CRC) incidence and mortality in Lynch syndrome (LS) carriers. However, a high incidence of post-colonoscopy CRC (PCCRC) has been reported. Colonoscopy is highly dependent on operator skill and subject to quality variability. We aimed to evaluate the impact of key colonoscopy quality indicators on adenoma detection and prevention of PCCRC in LS.We […]
- Cabozantinib-based combination therapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer with limited treatment options. Cabozantinib, an orally bioavailable multikinase inhibitor is now approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for HCC patients. We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of cabozantinib, either alone or in combination, in vitro and in vivo.Human HCC cell lines and […]
- Randomised comparison of postpolypectomy surveillance intervals following a two-round baseline colonoscopy: the Japan Polyp Study Workgroup.To assess whether follow-up colonoscopy after polypectomy at 3 years only, or at 1 and 3 years would effectively detect advanced neoplasia (AN), including nonpolypoid colorectal neoplasms (NP-CRNs).A prospective multicentre randomised controlled trial was conducted in 11 Japanese institutions. The enrolled participants underwent a two-round baseline colonoscopy (interval: 1 year) to remove all neoplastic lesions. Subsequently, […]
- Risk of digestive cancers in a cohort of 69 460 five-year survivors of childhood cancer in Europe: the PanCareSurFup study.Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of subsequent primary neoplasms (SPNs), but the risk of developing specific digestive SPNs beyond age 40 years remains uncertain. We investigated risks of specific digestive SPNs within the largest available cohort worldwide.The PanCareSurFup cohort includes 69 460 five-year survivors of childhood cancer from 12 countries in Europe. Risks […]
- Tumor-derived adenosine promotes macrophage proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinoma.Macrophages (Mφ) represent the major components of tumor tissues and play an important role in both tumor progression and therapeutic response. Although tumor Mφ are generally considered to be derived from circulating monocytes, emerging evidence indicates that tissue Mφ pools can be maintained by self-renewal. We aimed to elucidate the contribution, phenotype, and regulatory mechanisms […]
- PD-1 Signaling Promotes Tumor-Infiltrating Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Gastric Tumorigenesis in Mice.Immune checkpoint inhibitors have limited efficacy in many tumors. We investigated mechanisms of tumor resistance to inhibitors of programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1, also called PD1) in mice with gastric cancer, and the role of its ligand, PDL1.Gastrin-deficient mice were given N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in drinking water along with Helicobacter felis to induce gastric tumor formation; […]
- Population-Based Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Abnormalities at Colon Capsule Endoscopy.The population prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) disease is unclear and difficult to assess in an asymptomatic population. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of GI lesions in a largely asymptomatic population undergoing colon capsule endoscopy (CCE).Participants aged between 50-75years were retrieved from the Rotterdam Study, a longitudinal epidemiological study, between 2017-2019. Participants […]
- Standalone performance of artificial intelligence for upper GI neoplasia: a meta-analysis.Artificial intelligence (AI) may reduce underdiagnosed or overlooked upper GI (UGI) neoplastic and preneoplastic conditions, due to subtle appearance and low disease prevalence. Only disease-specific AI performances have been reported, generating uncertainty on its clinical value.We searched PubMed, Embase and Scopus until July 2020, for studies on the diagnostic performance of AI in detection and […]
- Epithelial TLR4 signaling activates DUOX2 to induce microbiota-driven tumorigenesis.Chronic colonic inflammation leads to dysplasia and cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We have described the critical role of innate immune signaling via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the pathogenesis of dysplasia and cancer. In the current study, we interrogate the intersection of TLR4 signaling, epithelial redox activity, and the microbiota in […]