Tag: CHEST

Considerable heterogeneity persists in the conduct and reporting of statistical analyses in the medical literature. Authors submitting manuscripts to CHEST are encouraged to adhere to the following guidelines where possible. […]

Cross-sectional studies are observational studies that analyze data from a population at a single point in time. They are often used to measure the prevalence of health outcomes, understand determinants […]

Economic evaluations, including cost-effectiveness analyses, are frameworks for decision-making. They help to illustrate tradeoffs between selecting one choice over another. This form of analysis is of great power and value […]

Medical tests are procedures intended to detect, diagnose, characterize, or monitor a specific medical condition. Understanding the accuracy of a medical test is a critical part of informed decision-making in […]

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the highest level of evidence to establish causal associations in clinical research. There are many RCT designs and features that can be selected to […]

Reductions in genotyping costs and improvements in computational power have made conducting genome-wide association studies (GWAS) standard practice for many complex diseases. GWAS is the assessment of genetic variants across […]

Sample size determination is an essential step in planning a clinical study. It is critical to understand that different study designs need different methods of sample size estimation. Although there […]

Self-reported measures of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are increasingly used in clinical management and evaluation of patient outcomes. HRQOL measures are used to monitor patient progress and treatment response, […]

Survival (time-to-event) analysis is commonly used in clinical research. Key features of performing a survival analysis include checking proportional hazards assumptions, reporting CIs for hazards ratios and relative risks, graphically […]

The Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema (RALE) score has been proposed to assess the severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and treatments targeted at reducing pulmonary edema such as […]

We have entered the era of “big data” and with that the explosion of interest in prediction modeling. With this explosion comes the challenge of evaluating statistical prediction models, both […]

When a review is performed following predefined steps (ie, systematically) and its results are quantitatively analyzed, it is called meta-analysis. Publication of meta-analyses has increased exponentially in pubmed.gov; using the […]

Case-control studies are one of the major observational study designs for performing clinical research. The advantages of these study designs over other study designs are that they are relatively quick […]

Causal directed acyclic graphs (cDAGs) have become popular tools for researchers to better examine biases related to causal questions. DAGs comprise a series of arrows connecting nodes that represent variables […]

Cohort studies are types of observational studies in which a cohort, or a group of individuals sharing some characteristic, are followed up over time, and outcomes are measured at one […]

Acute respiratory illnesses cause substantial morbidity worldwide. Cough is a common symptom in these childhood respiratory illnesses but there is currently no large cohort data on whether various cough characteristics […]

The interaction between tumor size and the comparative prognosis of lobar and sublobar resection has been poorly defined.The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between tumor size […]

One of the major challenges in treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is to achieve adequate continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence. Telemonitoring has the potential to provide individualized management and […]

No large prospective data are available on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).To evaluate the incidence, timing and risk factors of VAP after TBI and its […]

Decisions about lung cancer screening are inherently complex and create a need for methods to convey the risks and benefits of screening to patients.What kind of decision aids or tools […]

European Society of Cardiology and European Respiratory Society (ESC/ERS) guidelines include thermodilution cardiac index (TDCI) and mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) as two of the three hemodynamic determinations used in […]

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is frequently detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of mechanically ventilated patients.The aim of the study was to investigate whether antiviral therapy is […]

Previous studies have yielded inconsistent findings regarding the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cancer in humans.Is there an association between indices of sleep-disordered breathing severity and cancer incidence […]

Treatment of hypoxemic respiratory failure (HRF) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is complex. Standardized management of HRF and ARDS may improve adherence to evidence informed practice and improve outcomes.To […]

There are currently no reference standards for the development of competency in bronchoscopy.The aims of this study were to 1) develop learning curves for bronchoscopy skill development and 2) estimate […]