The Latest Diabetes Medical Journal Articles

Keep up to date with the latest in diabetes. Check out the latest diabetes articles from leading medical journals in a single view, helping you discover relevant articles quickly and easily.

• Severe Hypoglycemia, Cardiac Structure and Function, and Risk of Cardiovascular Events Among Older Adults With Diabetes.17th November 2020
  To assess the association of severe hypoglycemia measured at baseline with cardiovascular disease (CVD) among community-dwelling older individuals with diabetes, a group particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia.We included older adults with diabetes from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study who attended visit 5 (2011-2013, baseline). Severe hypoglycemia at baseline was defined with use of first […]
• Sustained Intensive Treatment and Long-term Effects on HbA1c Reduction (SILVER Study) by CGM in People With Type 1 Diabetes Treated With MDI.17th November 2020
  Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) reduces HbA1c and time spent in hypoglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) when evaluated over shorter time periods. It is unclear to what extent CGM improves and helps to maintain glucose control, treatment satisfaction, diabetes distress, hypoglycemic concerns, and overall well-being over […]
• Sotagliflozin in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease.17th November 2020
  The efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors such as sotagliflozin in preventing cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes with chronic kidney disease with or without albuminuria have not been well studied.We conducted a multicenter, double-blind trial in which patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (glycated hemoglobin level, ≥7%), chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular […]
• Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-Up Study: newborn anthropometrics and childhood glucose metabolism.16th November 2020
  We aimed to examine associations of newborn anthropometric measures with childhood glucose metabolism with the hypothesis that greater newborn birthweight, adiposity and cord C-peptide are associated with higher childhood glucose levels and lower insulin sensitivity.Data from the international, multi-ethnic, population-based Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study and the HAPO Follow-Up Study were used. The […]
• Brain JNK and metabolic disease.16th November 2020
  Obesity, which has long since reached epidemic proportions worldwide, is associated with long-term stress to a variety of organs and results in diseases including type 2 diabetes. In the brain, overnutrition induces hypothalamic stress associated with the activation of several signalling pathways, together with central insulin and leptin resistance. This central action of nutrient overload […]
• Similar cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes and established or high risk for coronary vascular disease treated with dulaglutide with and without baseline metformin.16th November 2020
  Recent European Guidelines for Diabetes, Prediabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases introduced a shift in managing patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk for or established cardiovascular (CV) disease by recommending GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors as initial glucose-lowering therapy. This is questioned since outcome trials of these drug classes had metformin as background therapy. […]
• Effect of High-Dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Corn Oil on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk: The STRENGTH Randomized Clinical Trial.15th November 2020
  It remains uncertain whether the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduce cardiovascular risk.To determine the effects on cardiovascular outcomes of a carboxylic acid formulation of EPA and DHA (omega-3 CA) with documented favorable effects on lipid and inflammatory markers in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia and high cardiovascular risk.A double-blind, randomized, […]
• Cardiovascular health in early adulthood predicts the development of coronary heart disease in individuals with type 1 diabetes: 25 year follow-up from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications study.15th November 2020
  Type 1 diabetes increases CHD risk. We examined the use of the American Heart Association’s cardiovascular health metrics (blood pressure, total cholesterol, glucose/HbA1c, BMI, physical activity, diet, smoking) to predict incidence of CHD among individuals with type 1 diabetes, with the hypothesis that a better American Heart Association health metric profile would be associated with […]
• Interrupting Prolonged Sitting Reduces Postprandial Glucose Concentration in Young Men with Central Obesity.13th November 2020
  Prolonged sitting elevates postprandial metabolic markers, resulting in increased risks of cardiovascular diseases and type-2 diabetes. Interrupting prolonged sitting may reduce these risks. However, more information is needed to understand the patterns of interrupting prolonged sitting to obtain metabolic health benefits.The study examined the effects of interrupting prolonged periods of sitting with different intensities and […]
• Long-Term Follow-up of Glycemic and Neurological Outcomes in an International Series of Patients With Sulfonylurea-Treated ABCC8 Permanent Neonatal Diabetes.13th November 2020
  ABCC8 mutations cause neonatal diabetes mellitus that can be transient (TNDM) or, less commonly, permanent (PNDM); ∼90% of individuals can be treated with oral sulfonylureas instead of insulin. Previous studies suggested that people with ABCC8-PNDM require lower sulfonylurea doses and have milder neurological features than those with KCNJ11-PNDM. However, these studies were short term and […]
• A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effects of a Smartphone Application-Based Lifestyle Coaching Program on Gestational Weight Gain, Glycemic Control, Maternal, and Neonatal Outcomes in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The SMART-GDM Study.13th November 2020
  SMART-GDM examined whether Habits-GDM, a smartphone application (app) coaching program, can prevent excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) and improve glycemic control and maternal and neonatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).In this randomized controlled trial, women diagnosed with GDM between 12 and 30 weeks were randomly assigned to usual care (control) or to additional support […]
• Differences in Physiological Responses to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults With and Without Type 1 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis.13th November 2020
  To investigate physiological responses to cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) testing in adults with type 1 diabetes compared with age-, sex-, and BMI-matched control participants without type 1 diabetes.We compared results from CPX tests on a cycle ergometer in individuals with type 1 diabetes and control participants without type 1 diabetes. Parameters were peak and threshold variables […]
• Structural Grey and White Matter Differences in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycaemia.12th November 2020
  Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline, where severe hypoglycaemia (SH) and impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia (IAH) may play a role. While there is evidence of a possible association between IAH and brain damage, the potential brain changes remain poorly characterized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).To investigate whether there […]
• Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Rates of Continuous Glucose Monitor Initiation and Continued Use in Children With Type 1 Diabetes.12th November 2020
  Racial/ethnic disparities in continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use exist among children with type 1 diabetes. It is not known whether differential rates of device initiation or sustained use are the cause of this disparity. Our objective was to compare CGM initiation rates and continued use among non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic children.We […]
• Association of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Depression With Cardiovascular Events in Early-Onset Adult Type 2 Diabetes: A Multiethnic Study in the U.S.12th November 2020
  To evaluate the temporal patterns of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) and depression in white Caucasians (WCs) and African Americans (AAs) with early-onset type 2 diabetes and their impact on long-term atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).From U.S. electronic medical records, 101,104 AA and 505,336 WC subjects with type 2 diabetes diagnosed between 2000 and 2017 were identified (mean […]
• Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy and Predictors of Its Development and Progression During Pregnancy in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: A Report of 499 Pregnancies.12th November 2020
  Pregnancy has been associated with development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR), but incidence of DR remains unclear. We assessed DR progression rate and its predictors during pregnancies in patients with type 1 diabetes.We report the retrospective data from pregnancies in patients with type 1 diabetes followed in Lille, France (1997-2015). Eye examination was performed […]
• Depression Is Associated With Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes.12th November 2020
  To investigate the relationship between depression and diabetic nephropathy progression in type 1 diabetes.Data from 3,730 participants without end-stage renal disease (ESRD) at baseline, participating in the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study, were included. Depression was assessed in three ways. Depression diagnoses were obtained from the Finnish Care Register for Health Care. Antidepressant agent purchase data […]
• Association Between Preoperative Blood Glucose Level and Hospital Length of Stay for Patients Undergoing Appendectomy or Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.12th November 2020
  To evaluate the effect of preoperative blood glucose (POBG) level on hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients undergoing appendectomy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients aged ≥18 years who had undergone appendectomy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures between 2005 and 2016 at a tertiary medical center in Taiwan. The association between […]
• HDL particle size is increased and HDL-cholesterol efflux is enhanced in type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.10th November 2020
  The prevalence of atherosclerosis is increased in type 1 diabetes despite normal-to-high HDL-cholesterol levels. The cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL is a better predictor of cardiovascular events than static HDL-cholesterol. This cross-sectional study addressed the hypothesis that impaired HDL function contributes to enhanced CVD risk within type 1 diabetes.We compared HDL particle size and […]
• A healthy lifestyle mitigates the risk of heart disease related to type 2 diabetes: a prospective nested case-control study in a nationwide Swedish twin cohort.10th November 2020
  We aimed to examine the association between type 2 diabetes and major subtypes of heart disease, to assess the role of genetic and early-life familial environmental factors in this association and to explore whether and to what extent a healthy lifestyle mitigates the risk of heart disease related to type 2 diabetes.In this prospective nested […]
• Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Individuals With Diabetes.10th November 2020
  The evidence regarding vitamin D status and mortality among diabetes is scarce. This study aimed to examine the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adults with diabetes.This study included 6,329 adults with diabetes from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and NHANES 2001-2014. Death […]
• Within-Trial Cost-Effectiveness of a Structured Lifestyle Intervention in Adults With Overweight/Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) Study.10th November 2020
  To assess the cost-effectiveness (CE) of an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) compared with standard diabetes support and education (DSE) in adults with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes, as implemented in the Action for Health in Diabetes study.Data were from 4,827 participants during their first 9 years of the study participation from 2001 to 2012. Information […]
• The prevalence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in prediabetes: a systematic review.9th November 2020
  Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is independently associated with silent myocardial ischaemia, major cardiovascular events, myocardial dysfunction and cardiovascular mortality. Several studies have highlighted the increased prevalence of CAN in prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting glucose). Considering the exponential rise of prediabetes, we aimed to determine the prevalence of CAN through a systematic literature […]
• Comparison of Prevalence, Presentation and Prognosis of Acute Coronary Syndromes in ≤35 years, 36 – 54 years, and ≥ 55 years Patients.9th November 2020
  Whether very young patients (≤35-year-old) differ in the prevalence, presentation and prognosis of ACS is not well known. Out of 43,446 patients who were referred to a tertiary care cardiac catheterization laboratory between 1/1/2006 and 6/30/2017, 26,545 patients were ACS (defined as ST Elevation MI (STEMI), Non-ST Elevation MI (NSTEMI) or unstable angina pectoris). Detailed […]
• Diabetes, Brain Infarcts, Cognition and Small Vessels in the Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Minds Study.9th November 2020
  Diabetes is a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease and cognitive impairment. The anatomical basis for this is uncertain.The Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Minds (CAHHM) collected brain and carotid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and two cognitive tests (DSST and MoCA) in a cross-sectional sample of men and women. Brain MRIs identified brain infarcts (BI), […]
• Placental Inositol Reduced in Gestational Diabetes as Glucose alters Inositol Transporters and IMPA1 enzyme expression.9th November 2020
  Perturbed inositol physiology in insulin resistant conditions has led to proposals of inositol supplementation for gestational diabetes (GDM) prevention, but placental inositol biology is poorly understood.Investigate associations of maternal glycemia with placental inositol content, determine glucose effects on placental expression of inositol enzymes and transporters, and examine relations with birthweight.Case-control study of placentae from term […]
• Increased particle size of triacylglycerol-enriched remnant lipoproteins, but not their plasma concentration or lipid content, augments risk prediction of incident type 2 diabetes.7th November 2020
  Type 2 diabetes prevention requires the accurate identification of those at high risk. Beyond the association of fasting serum triacylglycerols with diabetes, triacylglycerol-enriched remnant lipoproteins (TRLs) more accurately reflect pathophysiological changes that underlie progression to diabetes, such as hepatic insulin resistance, pancreatic steatosis and systemic inflammation. We hypothesised that TRL-related factors could improve risk prediction […]
• Obstructive sleep apnoea, intermittent hypoxia and heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction.7th November 2020
  Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is recognised to be a potent risk factor for hypertension, coronary heart disease, strokes and heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction. However, the association between OSA and heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is less well recognised. Both conditions are very common globally.It appears that there are many […]
• The Effect of Standard Versus Longer Intestinal Bypass on GLP-1 Regulation and Glucose Metabolism in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Undergoing Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: The Long-Limb Study.7th November 2020
  Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) characteristically enhances postprandial levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a mechanism that contributes to its profound glucose-lowering effects. This enhancement is thought to be triggered by bypass of food to the distal small intestine with higher densities of neuroendocrine L-cells. We hypothesized that if this is the predominant mechanism behind the […]
• Improvements in Glycemic Control After Acute Moderate-Intensity Continuous or High-Intensity Interval Exercise Are Greater in South Asians Than White Europeans With Nondiabetic Hyperglycemia: A Randomized Crossover Study.7th November 2020
  To examine whether circulating metabolic responses to low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (LV-HIIE) or continuous moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (CME) differ between white Europeans and South Asians with nondiabetic hyperglycemia (NDH).Thirteen white Europeans and 10 South Asians (combined median [interquartile range] age 67 [60-68] years, HbA1c 5.9% [5.8-6.1%] [41.0 (39.9-43.2) mmol ⋅ mol-1]) completed three 6-h conditions […]
• Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 7 Predicts Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in the Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study.7th November 2020
  To analyze the association between concentrations of plasma insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) with renal and cardiac outcomes among participants with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk.Associations between IGFBP7 levels and clinical outcomes were assessed among participants in the Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study (CANVAS) with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk.Among […]
• Association of Maternal Folate and Vitamin B12 in Early Pregnancy With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study.7th November 2020
  To investigate the association of folate and vitamin B12 in early pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk.The data of this study were from a subcohort within the Shanghai Preconception Cohort Study. We included pregnancies with red blood cell (RBC) folate and vitamin B12 measurements at recruitment (between 9 and 13 gestational weeks) and those […]
• Guideline recommendations and the positioning of newer drugs in type 2 diabetes care.7th November 2020
  Cardiovascular outcome trials in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk have led to remarkable advances in our understanding of the effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors to reduce cardiorenal events. In 2019, the American Diabetes Association (ADA), European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), and European Society of Cardiology […]
• Do variations in insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in pregnancy predict differences in obstetric and neonatal outcomes?6th November 2020
  Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is generally defined based on glycaemia during an OGTT, but aetiologically includes women with defects in insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity or a combination of both. In this observational study, we aimed to determine if underlying pathophysiological defects evaluated as continuous variables predict the risk of important obstetric and neonatal outcomes better […]
• Association of heart failure and its comorbidities with loss of life expectancy.6th November 2020
  Estimating survival can aid care planning, but the use of absolute survival projections can be challenging for patients and clinicians to contextualise. We aimed to define how heart failure and its major comorbidities contribute to loss of actuarially predicted life expectancy.We conducted an observational cohort study of 1794 adults with stable chronic heart failure and […]
• Effects of a Tailored Text Messaging Intervention Among Diverse Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence From the 15-Month REACH Randomized Controlled Trial.6th November 2020
  Text messaging interventions have high potential for scalability and for reductions in health disparities. However, more rigorous, long-term trials are needed. We examined the long-term efficacy and mechanisms of a tailored text messaging intervention.Adults with type 2 diabetes participated in a parallel-groups, 15-month randomized controlled trial and were assigned to receive Rapid Education/Encouragement and Communications […]
• Bone mineral density and bone turnover after sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass, a randomized controlled trial.5th November 2020
  Bariatric surgery, particularly Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), is associated with increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. It is unknown whether RYGB or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) have different effects on bone health.To compare changes in bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover one year after SG and RYGB.Randomized, triple-blind, single-center trial at a tertiary care center […]
• Effects of a tailored exercise intervention in acutely hospitalized diabetic oldest old adults: an ancillary analysis.5th November 2020
  To analyze the effects of a tailored exercise intervention in acutely hospitalized oldest old diabetic patients.This is an ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. 103 acutely hospitalized older adults (mean age ~87 years) with type II diabetes were randomized to an intervention (exercise, n=54) or control group (usual care, n=49). The primary endpoint was […]
• Incident Type 2 Diabetes and Risk of Fracture: A Comparative Cohort Analysis Using U.K. Primary Care Records.5th November 2020
  To estimate risk of fracture in men and women with recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes compared with individuals without diabetes.In this cohort study, we used routinely collected U.K. primary care data from The Health Improvement Network. In adults (>35 years) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 2004 and 2013, fractures sustained until 2019 were […]
• Effect of Diabetes Mellitus and Left Ventricular Perfusion on Frequency of Development of Heart Failure and/or All-cause Mortality Late After Acute Myocardial Infarction.4th November 2020
  Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has a detrimental impact on cardiovascular outcomes, with implications for prognosis following ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).The aim was to evaluate the impact of DM and myocardial perfusion on the long-term risk of heart failure (HF) and/or all-cause mortality following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) for STEMI. A total of […]
• A randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding safety and tolerability study of the anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody otelixizumab in new-onset type 1 diabetes.4th November 2020
  Numerous clinical studies have investigated the anti-CD3ɛ monoclonal antibody otelixizumab in individuals with type 1 diabetes, but limited progress has been made in identifying the optimal clinical dose with acceptable tolerability and safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dose-response, safety and tolerability, beta cell function preservation and the immunological […]
• Safety and cost-effectiveness of individualised screening for diabetic retinopathy: the ISDR open-label, equivalence RCT.4th November 2020
  Using variable diabetic retinopathy screening intervals, informed by personal risk levels, offers improved engagement of people with diabetes and reallocation of resources to high-risk groups, while addressing the increasing prevalence of diabetes. However, safety data on extending screening intervals are minimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and cost-effectiveness of individualised, […]
• Plasma Methylglyoxal Levels Are Associated With Amputations and Mortality in Severe Limb Ischemia Patients With and Without Diabetes.4th November 2020
  Diabetes is a risk factor for severe limb ischemia (SLI), a condition associated with high mortality, morbidity, and limb loss. The reactive glucose-derived dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MGO) is a major precursor for advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and a potential driver of cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether plasma MGO levels are associated with poor outcomes in […]
• Diagnosis of Neuropathy and Risk Factors for Corneal Nerve Loss in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Corneal Confocal Microscopy Study.4th November 2020
  To assess the diagnostic utility of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and the risk factors for corneal nerve loss.A total of 490 participants, including 72 healthy control subjects, 149 with type 1 diabetes, and 269 with type 2 diabetes, underwent detailed assessment of peripheral neuropathy and CCM in relation to risk […]
• Intensive Risk Factor Management and Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Trial.4th November 2020
  The effects of preventive interventions on cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) remain unclear. We examined the effect of intensively treating traditional risk factors for CAN, including hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high cardiovascular risk participating in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial.CAN was defined as […]
• Antidiabetic treatment, level of glycemic control, and risk of fracture in diabetes type 2: A nested case-control study.3rd November 2020
  Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of low-trauma fractures. However, the effect of antidiabetic medication in relation to glycemic control on the risk of fracture is poorly understood.To evaluate the association between the level of glycemic control, use of antidiabetic medication, and risk of low-trauma fractures in patients with newly […]
• Reproductive and perinatal outcomes in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia – a population-based cohort study.2nd November 2020
  Reduced fertility has been reported for women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), especially for those with the salt-losing form. However, data are sparse on reproductive and perinatal outcomes in these women.To investigate reproductive and perinatal outcomes in women with CAH.Population-based and nationwide study using the National CAH Register, the Total Population Register and the Medical […]
• Brown fat-activating lipokine 12,13-diHOME in human milk is associated with infant adiposity.2nd November 2020
  Little is known about the specific breastmilk components responsible for protective effects on infant obesity. Whether 12,13-diHOME, an oxidized linoleic acid metabolite and activator of brown fat metabolism, is present in human milk, or linked to infant adiposity, is unknown.To examine associations between concentrations of 12,13-diHOME in human milk and infant adiposity.Prospective cohort study between […]
• Identification and metabolic profiling of a novel human gut-derived LEAP2 fragment.2nd November 2020
  The mechanisms underlying Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery-induced weight loss and the immediate postoperative beneficial metabolic effects associated with the operation remain uncertain. Enteroendocrine cell (EEC) secretory function has been proposed as a key factor in the marked metabolic benefits from RYGB surgery.To identify novel gut-derived peptides with therapeutic potential in obesity and/or diabetes by […]
• Efficacy and safety of setmelanotide, an MC4R agonist, in individuals with severe obesity due to LEPR or POMC deficiency: single-arm, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trials.2nd November 2020
  The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), a component of the leptin-melanocortin pathway, plays a part in bodyweight regulation. Severe early-onset obesity can be caused by biallelic variants in genes that affect the MC4R pathway. We report the results from trials of the MC4R agonist setmelanotide in individuals with severe obesity due to either pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) deficiency […]
• Insulin’s centenary: the birth of an idea.1st November 2020
  At 2:00 h on Oct 31, 1920, Frederick G Banting, a surgeon practising in London, ON, Canada, conceived an idea to isolate the internal secretion of the pancreas. The following week, he met with noted scientist John J R Macleod in Toronto, ON, Canada, and they developed a research plan. By August, 1921, Banting and […]
• The severity of obstructive sleep apnoea does not: influence ambient IGF-I levels.31st October 2020
  Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is reported to have effects on a number of hormone systems including the hypothalamo-pituitary axis. We aimed to determine the impact of OSA severity on IGF-I levels.This is a prospective cohort study performed between November 2014 and May 2017. IGF-I was measured on serum samples and data collected on demographics, BMI, […]
• Subcellular localisation and composition of intramuscular triacylglycerol influence insulin sensitivity in humans.31st October 2020
  Subcellular localisation is an important factor in the known impact of bioactive lipids, such as diacylglycerol and sphingolipids, on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle; yet, the role of localised intramuscular triacylglycerol (IMTG) is yet to be described. Excess accumulation of IMTG in skeletal muscle is associated with insulin resistance, and we hypothesised that differences in […]
• Catecholamine physiology and its implications in patients with COVID-19.31st October 2020
  The risk factors for severe COVID-19 are diverse, yet closely resemble the clinical manifestations of catecholamine excess states (eg, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, immune dysregulation, and hyperglycaemia), suggesting a potentially common basis for disease. Unfortunately, severe illness (eg, respiratory failure, compromised cardiac function, and shock) incurred by COVID-19 hinders the direct study of catecholamines in these […]
• New horizons in microbiota and metabolic health research.31st October 2020
  Decade old studies demonstrated that microbes living in our gut (microbiota) contribute in both maintaining normal metabolic function and pathology of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Emerging evidence suggest that gut microbiota influences the personalized effects of diets and drugs, and impact-gut brain axis and leaky gut-inflammation to control metabolic function/diseases. Gut microbiota […]
• Senescence-associated β-galactosidase in subcutaneous adipose tissue associates with altered glycaemic status and truncal fat in severe obesity.30th October 2020
  Altered adipose tissue secretory profile contributes to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in obesity. Preclinical studies have identified senescent cells as a cellular source of proinflammatory factors in adipose tissue of obese mice. In humans, potential links with obesity comorbidities are poorly defined. Here, we investigated adipose tissue senescent status and relationships with metabolic […]
• Weekly injection of IL-2 using an injectable hydrogel reduces autoimmune diabetes incidence in NOD mice.30th October 2020
  IL-2 injections are a promising therapy for autoimmune type 1 diabetes but the short half-life of this cytokine in vivo limits effective tissue exposure and necessitates frequent injections. Here we have investigated whether an injectable hydrogel could be used to promote prolonged IL-2 release in vivo.Capitalising on the IL-2-binding capabilities of heparin, an injectable hydrogel […]
• The Plasma Metabolomic Profile is Differently Associated with Liver Fat, Visceral Adipose Tissue, and Pancreatic Fat.30th October 2020
  Metabolic differences between ectopic fat depots may provide novel insights to obesity-related diseases.To investigate the plasma metabolomic profiles in relation to visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume and liver and pancreas fat percentages.Cross-sectional.Multicenter at academic research laboratories.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess VAT volume, the percentage of fat in the liver and pancreas (proton […]
• Rapamycin Plus Vildagliptin to Recover ß Cell Function in Long Standing Type 1 Diabetes: A Double Blind Randomized Trial.30th October 2020
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether treatment with rapamycin plus vildagliptin restores beta-cell function in patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes.A phase 2, single-center randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in long-standing type 1 diabetes patients randomized (1:1:1) to 4 weeks rapamycin (Group 2), 4 weeks rapamycin plus 12 weeks vildagliptin (Group […]
• Determinants of cardiovascular risk in 7,000 youth with type 1 diabetes in the Australasian Diabetes Data Network.29th October 2020
  Cardiovascular disease occurs prematurely in type 1 diabetes. The additional risk of overweight is not well characterised.Primary aim was to measure the impact of BMI in youth with type 1 diabetes on cardiovascular risk factors. Secondary aim was to identify other determinants of cardiovascular risk.Observational longitudinal study of 7061 youth with type 1 diabetes followed […]