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Information is limited regarding the effectiveness of the two-dose messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) in preventing infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and […]
» Read moreFractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has potential as a prognostic biomarker in asthma, but its prognostic value among other recognised indicators is unclear. We assessed the added prognostic value of […]
» Read moreThe coping styles of the Sickness Insight in Coping Questionnaire (SICQ; positivism, redefinition, toughness, fighting spirit, non-acceptance) may affect the health and recovery of hospitalized critically ill patients.Do the SICQ […]
» Read moreTargeted therapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with oncogenic drivers have caused a paradigm shift in care. Biomarker testing is needed to assess eligibility for these therapies. Pulmonologists […]
» Read moreClinicians use several measures to ascertain whether individual patients will tolerate liberation from mechanical ventilation, including the rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI).Given varied use of different thresholds, patient populations, and […]
» Read morePreclinical evidence implicates neutrophil elastase (NE) in PAH pathogenesis, and the NE inhibitor elafin is under early therapeutic investigation.Are circulating NE and elafin levels abnormal in PAH and associated with […]
» Read moreThe individual prognostic factors for COVID-19 are unclear. For this reason, we aimed to present a state-of-the-art systematic review and meta-analysis on the prognostic factors for adverse outcomes in COVID-19 […]
» Read moreDiagnosing peripheral lung cancer with the bronchoscope is challenging with near miss of the target lesion as major obstacle. Needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) enables real-time microscopic tumour visualisation at […]
» Read moreRecent studies have revealed that the lung microbiota of critically ill patients is altered and predicts clinical outcomes. The incidence of invasive fungal infections, namely, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), in […]
» Read moreIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal fibrotic interstitial lung disease. Few circulating biomarkers have been identified to have causal effects on IPF.To identify candidate IPF-influencing circulating proteins, we […]
» Read moreAATD is the only readily identifiable monogenic cause of COPD. To date the only condition-specific treatment for AATD-associated COPD is weekly administration of intravenous purified pooled human AAT (IV-AAT). Uncertainties […]
» Read moreCystic fibrosis (CF) is characterised by the accumulation of viscous, adherent mucus in the lungs. While several hypotheses invoke a direct relationship with CFTR dysfunction (i.e., acidic airway surface liquid […]
» Read moreThe clinical context for using blood eosinophil (EOS) counts as treatment-response biomarkers in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requires better understanding of EOS distributions and ranges. We describe […]
» Read moreGenetic and smoking contribute to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but whether a combined polygenic risk score (PRS) is associated with incident COPD and whether it has a synergistic effect […]
» Read moreCOPD can be assessed using multidimensional grading systems with components from three domains: pulmonary function tests, symptoms and systemic features. Clinically, measures may be used interchangeably, though it is not […]
» Read moreIn many studies, more than half of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) endorse cough. In IPF (as in other conditions), when chronic, cough may be frustrating and lead to […]
» Read moreWeaning from venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is not well studied. VV-ECMO can be discontinued when patients tolerate non-injurious mechanical ventilation (MV) during a sweep gas off trial (SGOT). However, […]
» Read moreDecannulation from venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) at the earliest and safest possible time may improve outcomes and reduce cost. Yet, there are no prospective studies comparing weaning strategies for […]
» Read moreSavolitinib is a selective MET tyrosine-kinase inhibitor. We investigated the activity and safety of savolitinib in patients with pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma and other non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) subtypes positive for […]
» Read moreWe investigated how use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) affects tobacco cessation in a Japanese workplace. We offered cessation programmes for 158 tobacco users from November 2018 to April 2019 […]
» Read moreIn pediatrics, tracheomalacia is an airway condition that causes tracheal lumen collapse during breathing and may lead to the patient requiring respiratory support. Adult subjects can narrow their glottis in […]
» Read moreTobacco habit still represents the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Heat-not-burn cigarettes (HNBCs) are considered as an alternative to traditional combustion cigarettes (TCCs) due to the lack […]
» Read moreObservational studies suggested lung function is inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) although these studies could be confounded. We conducted a two sample Mendelian randomisation study using summary statistics from […]
» Read moreSurvivors of critical illness have poor long-term outcomes with subsequent increases in healthcare utilisation. Less is known about the interplay between multimorbidity and long-term outcomes.How do baseline patient demographics impact […]
» Read moreRespiratory complications are an important cause of postoperative morbidity. We aimed to investigate whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) administered immediately after major abdominal surgery could prevent postoperative morbidity.PRISM was […]
» Read moreCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease responsible for the devastating pandemic that began at the end of 2019, has been associated with a significantly increased risk of pulmonary thrombosis, even […]
» Read moreCystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic condition with multi-systemic disease manifestations, the most prominent of which occur in the respiratory system. Despite significant developments in disease understanding and […]
» Read moreDuring the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, shortages of ventilators and intensive care unit (ICU) beds overwhelmed healthcare systems. Whether early tracheostomy reduces the duration of mechanical ventilation and […]
» Read moreThe major complication of COVID-19 is hypoxaemic respiratory failure from capillary leak and alveolar oedema. Experimental and early clinical data suggest that the tyrosine-kinase inhibitor imatinib reverses pulmonary capillary leak.This […]
» Read moreFamilial spontaneous pneumothorax (FSP) accounts for 10% of primary spontaneous pneumothoraces. Appropriate investigation of FSP enables early diagnosis of serious monogenic diseases and the practice of precision medicine. Here, we […]
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